Osteochondritis dissecans of the lateral femoral condyle in a patient affected by osteogenesis imperfecta: a case report

Osteochondritis dissecans is a very uncommon phenomenon in osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). A 14-year-old boy, affected by OI and followed in our Center for Congenital Osteodystrophies, had a knee trauma and MRI indicated a hollowed area of 2.5×1.5 cm in the lateral femoral condyle, which was classified as grade III. The patient underwent surgery, performed as a one-step surgical treatment: the osteochondral fragment was removed, curettage of lesion's bottom was performed, and a biphasic scaffold was used to fill the defect, implanted with a press-fit technique. MRI at 12 and 24 months after surgery showed scaffold integration. At the final follow-up, the patient did not feel any pain or articular limitations. It is difficult to provide a guideline on osteochondritis dissecans in patients affected by OI because of the lack of literature reports on this rare disorder in a rare disease. According to our experience, in these patients, osteosynthesis of the bone fragment and the use of autograft are not recommended because of the patient's bone weakness and osteoporosis. Moreover, compared with two-step surgery, one-step surgery is preferred to reduce the risk related to anesthesia, often observed to be higher in these patients