Much attention has been focusing on wheat derived extracts for their health-promoting functions, as a source of bioactive molecules and nutraceuticals. We evaluated in a multimethodological approach the anti-inflammatory and anti- oxidant properties of hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from husks, grains, flour and pasta derived from durum wheat belonging to the ancient cultivar “Senatore Cappelli”, assessing their potential as bioactive compound sources in terms of phytochemical, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The content of total phenolic compounds and total flavonoid and antioxidant activity were carried out by ABTS and DPPH assays. The cytotoxicity of the green extracts was evaluated by MTS and Trypan blue assays in the human U937 and murine microglia BV2 cells, showing that extracts do not affect microglia viability. We analyzed the inflammatory phenotype of cells pretreated by wheat extracts and then cultured in the presence or absence of LPS. We analyzed i) the expression of mRNAs for: IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-17, IL-10, TGF-beta; ii) the expression of mRNAs of the main M1 and M2 polarization markers, including iNOS, ARG1, CD206, COX-2 and transcriptional factors TBX21, STAT1, STAT3, STAT4, STAT6, RORC, GATA3, FOXP3 and NR4A2; iii) the expression of anti-oxidant factors and enzymes (Nrf2, SOD1 and GPX). Extracts were shown to be devoid of any pro-inflammatory activity because they do not increase the expression of M1 markers. Conversely, expression of ARG-1, CD206, Chil3 mRNA was induced by the extracts also after the addition of LPS, reverting microglia toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Extracts of “Senatore Cappelli” wheat derivatives restore NRF2 expression related to the upregulation of SOD1, an antioxidant gene. It is known that NRF2 pathways counteract ROS production and inflammation in neurodegenerative disorders, suggesting that stimulation of NRF2 factor could play a key role as a therapeutic approach.
Senatore Cappelli wheat derived biomolecules exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity / Businaro, Rita; Armeli, Federica; Mengoni, Beatrice; Prencipe, Sabrina; Pinto, Alessandro; Vinci, Giuliana. - (2024). (Intervento presentato al convegno 16th World Congress on Inflammation WCI 2024 tenutosi a Quebec Canada).
Senatore Cappelli wheat derived biomolecules exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity
Rita Businaro;Federica Armeli;Beatrice Mengoni;Sabrina Prencipe;Alessandro Pinto;Giuliana Vinci
2024
Abstract
Much attention has been focusing on wheat derived extracts for their health-promoting functions, as a source of bioactive molecules and nutraceuticals. We evaluated in a multimethodological approach the anti-inflammatory and anti- oxidant properties of hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from husks, grains, flour and pasta derived from durum wheat belonging to the ancient cultivar “Senatore Cappelli”, assessing their potential as bioactive compound sources in terms of phytochemical, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The content of total phenolic compounds and total flavonoid and antioxidant activity were carried out by ABTS and DPPH assays. The cytotoxicity of the green extracts was evaluated by MTS and Trypan blue assays in the human U937 and murine microglia BV2 cells, showing that extracts do not affect microglia viability. We analyzed the inflammatory phenotype of cells pretreated by wheat extracts and then cultured in the presence or absence of LPS. We analyzed i) the expression of mRNAs for: IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-17, IL-10, TGF-beta; ii) the expression of mRNAs of the main M1 and M2 polarization markers, including iNOS, ARG1, CD206, COX-2 and transcriptional factors TBX21, STAT1, STAT3, STAT4, STAT6, RORC, GATA3, FOXP3 and NR4A2; iii) the expression of anti-oxidant factors and enzymes (Nrf2, SOD1 and GPX). Extracts were shown to be devoid of any pro-inflammatory activity because they do not increase the expression of M1 markers. Conversely, expression of ARG-1, CD206, Chil3 mRNA was induced by the extracts also after the addition of LPS, reverting microglia toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Extracts of “Senatore Cappelli” wheat derivatives restore NRF2 expression related to the upregulation of SOD1, an antioxidant gene. It is known that NRF2 pathways counteract ROS production and inflammation in neurodegenerative disorders, suggesting that stimulation of NRF2 factor could play a key role as a therapeutic approach.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
