Measuring the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: a baseline analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Lim, Stephen S; Allen, Kate; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A; Dandona, Lalit; Forouzanfar, Mohammad H; Fullman, Nancy; Gething, Peter W; Goldberg, Ellen M; Hay, Simon I; Holmberg, Mollie; Kinfu, Yohannes; Kutz, Michael J; Larson, Heidi J; Liang, Xiaofeng; Lopez, Alan D; Lozano, Rafael; Mcnellan, Claire R; Mokdad, Ali H; Mooney, Meghan D; Naghavi, Mohsen; Olsen, Helen E; Pigott, David M; Salomon, Joshua A; Vos, Theo; Wang, Haidong; Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbas, Kaja M; Abd Allah, Foad; Abdulle, Abdishakur M; Abraham, Biju; Abubakar, Ibrahim; Abu Raddad, Laith J; Abu Rmeileh, Niveen M. E; Abyu, Gebre Yitayih; Achoki, Tom; Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi; Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi; Afanvi, Kossivi Agbelenko; Afshin, Ashkan; Agarwal, Arnav; Agrawal, Anurag; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad; Ahmadieh, Hamid; Ahmed, Kedir Yimam; Akanda, Ali Shafqat; Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola; Akinyemiju, Tomi F; Akseer, Nadia; Al Aly, Ziyad; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Uzma; Alasfoor, Deena; Albuhairan, Fadia S; Aldhahri, Saleh Fahed; Aldridge, Robert William; Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw; Ali, Raghib; Alkerwi, Ala'A; Alkhateeb, Mohammad AB; Alla, François; Allebeck, Peter; Allen, Christine; Al Raddadi, Rajaa; Altirkawi, Khalid A; Martin, Elena Alvarez; Alvis Guzman, Nelson; Amare, Azmeraw T; Amberbir, Alemayehu; Amegah, Adeladza Kofi; Amini, Heresh; Ammar, Walid; Amrock, Stephen Marc; Andersen, Hjalte H; Anderson, Benjamin O; Anderson, Gregory M; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T; Anwari, Palwasha; Ärnlöv, Johan; Artaman, Al; Asayesh, Hamid; Asghar, Rana Jawad; Atique, Suleman; Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur; Awasthi, Ashish; Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala; Azzopardi, Peter; Bacha, Umar; Badawi, Alaa; Balakrishnan, Kalpana; Banerjee, Amitava; Barac, Aleksandra; Barber, Ryan; Barker Collo, Suzanne L; Bärnighausen, Till; Barrero, Lope H; Barrientos Gutierrez, Tonatiuh; Basu, Sanjay; Bayou, Tigist Assefa; Bazargan Hejazi, Shahrzad; Beardsley, Justin; Bedi, Neeraj; Beghi, Ettore; Béjot, Yannick; Bell, Michelle L; Bello, Aminu K; Bennett, Derrick A; Bensenor, Isabela M; Benzian, Habib; Berhane, Adugnaw; Bernabé, Eduardo; Bernal, Oscar Alberto; Betsu, Balem Demtsu; Beyene, Addisu Shunu; Bhala, Neeraj; Bhatt, Samir; Biadgilign, Sibhatu; Bienhoff, Kelly A; Bikbov, Boris; Binagwaho, Agnes; Bisanzio, Donal; Bjertness, Espen; Blore, Jed; Bourne, Rupert R. A; Brainin, Michael; Brauer, Michael; Brazinova, Alexandra; Breitborde, Nicholas J. K; Broday, David M; Brugha, Traolach S; Buchbinder, Rachelle; Butt, Zahid A; Cahill, Leah E; Campos Nonato, Ismael Ricardo; Campuzano, Julio Cesar; Carabin, Hélène; Cárdenas, Rosario; Carrero, Juan Jesus; Carter, Austin; Casey, Daniel; Caso, Valeria; Castañeda Orjuela, Carlos A; Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo; Catalá López, Ferrán; Cavalleri, Fiorella; Cecílio, Pedro; Chang, Hsing Yi; Chang, Jung Chen; Charlson, Fiona J; Che, Xuan; Chen, Alan Zian; Chiang, Peggy Pei Chia; Chibalabala, Mirriam; Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe; Choi, Jee Young Jasmine; Chowdhury, Rajiv; Christensen, Hanne; Ciobanu, Liliana G; Cirillo, Massimo; Coates, Matthew M; Coggeshall, Megan; Cohen, Aaron J; Cooke, Graham S; Cooper, Cyrus; Cooper, Leslie Trumbull; Cowie, Benjamin C; Crump, John A; Damtew, Solomon Abrha; Dandona, Rakhi; Dargan, Paul I; Neves, José das; Davis, Adrian C; Davletov, Kairat; de Castro, E. Filipa; De Leo, Diego; Degenhardt, Louisa; Del Gobbo, Liana C; Deribe, Kebede; Derrett, Sarah; Des Jarlais, Don C; Deshpande, Aniruddha; Deveber, Gabrielle A; Dey, Subhojit; Dharmaratne, Samath D; Dhillon, Preet K; Ding, Eric L; Dorsey, E. Ray; Doyle, Kerrie E; Driscoll, Tim R; Duan, Leilei; Dubey, Manisha; Duncan, Bruce Bartholow; Ebrahimi, Hedyeh; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich; Erskine, Holly E; Eshrati, Babak; Esteghamati, Alireza; Fahimi, Saman; Farid, Talha A; Farinha, Carla Sofia e. Sa; Faro, André; Farvid, Maryam S; Farzadfar, Farshad; Feigin, Valery L; Felicio, Manuela Mendonca; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed Mohammad; Fernandes, Jefferson G; Fernandes, Joao C; Ferrari, Alize J; Fischer, Florian; Fitchett, Joseph R. A; Fitzmaurice, Christina; Foigt, Nataliya; Foreman, Kyle; Fowkes, F. Gerry R; Franca, Elisabeth Barboza; Franklin, Richard C; Fraser, Maya; Friedman, Joseph; Frostad, Joseph; Fürst, Thomas; Gabbe, Belinda; Garcia Basteiro, Alberto L; Gebre, Teshome; Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde; Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay; Gebru, Alemseged Aregay; Gessner, Bradford D; Gillum, Richard F; Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed; Giref, Ababi Zergaw; Giroud, Maurice; Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo; Godwin, William; Gona, Philimon; Goodridge, Amador; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Gotay, Carolyn C; Goto, Atsushi; Gouda, Hebe N; Graetz, Nicholas; Greenwell, Karen Fern; Griswold, Max; Guo, Yuming; Gupta, Rahul; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Vipin; Gutiérrez, Reyna A; Gyawali, Bishal; Haagsma, Juanita A; Haakenstad, Annie; Hafezi Nejad, Nima; Haile, Demewoz; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Halasa, Yara A; Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi; Hamidi, Samer; Hammami, Mouhanad; Hankey, Graeme J; Harb, Hilda L; Haro, Josep Maria; Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh; Havmoeller, Rasmus; Heredia Pi, Ileana Beatriz; Hoek, Hans W; Horino, Masako; Horita, Nobuyuki; Hosgood, H. Dean; Hoy, Damian G; Htet, Aung Soe; Guoqing, Hu; Huang, Hsiang; Iburg, Kim Moesgaard; Idrisov, Bulat T; Inoue, Manami; Islami, Farhad; Jacobs, Troy A; Jacobsen, Kathryn H; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B; James, Peter; Jansen, Henrica A. F. M; Javanbakht, Mehdi; Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra; Jee, Sun Ha; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Jha, Vivekanand; Jiang, Ying; Jibat, Tariku; Jin, Ye; Jonas, Jost B; Kabir, Zubair; Kalkonde, Yogeshwar; Kamal, Ritul; Kan, Haidong; Kandel, Amit; Karch, André; Karema, Corine Kakizi; Karimkhani, Chante; Karunapema, Palitha; Kasaeian, Amir; Kassebaum, Nicholas J; Kaul, Anil; Kawakami, Norito; Kayibanda, Jeanne Françoise; Keiyoro, Peter Njenga; Kemmer, Laura; Kemp, Andrew Haddon; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Keren, Andre; Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khan, Abdur Rahman; Khan, Ejaz Ahmad; Khan, Gulfaraz; Khang, Young Ho; Khoja, Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer; Khosravi, Ardeshir; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kieling, Christian; Kim, Cho il; Kim, Daniel; Kim, Sungroul; Kim, Yun Jin; Kimokoti, Ruth W; Kissoon, Niranjan; Kivipelto, Miia; Knibbs, Luke D; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kolte, Dhaval; Kosen, Soewarta; Kotsakis, Georgios A; Koul, Parvaiz A; Koyanagi, Ai; Kravchenko, Michael; Krueger, Hans; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Kuchenbecker, Ricardo S; Kuipers, Ernst J; Kulikoff, Xie Rachel; Kulkarni, Veena S; Kumar, G. Anil; Kwan, Gene F; Kyu, Hmwe H; Lal, Aparna; Lal, Dharmesh Kumar; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lam, Hilton; Lan, Qing; Langan, Sinead M; Larsson, Anders; Laryea, Dennis Odai; Latif, Asma Abdul; Leasher, Janet L; Leigh, James; Leinsalu, Mall; Leung, Janni; Leung, Ricky; Levi, Miriam; Yichong, Li; Yongmei, Li; Lind, Margaret; Linn, Shai; Lipshultz, Steven E; Liu, Patrick Y; Liu, Shiwei; Liu, Yang; Lloyd, Belinda K; Loon Tzian, Lo; Logroscino, Giancarlo; Lotufo, Paulo A; Lucas, Robyn M; Lunevicius, Raimundas; El Razek, Mohammed Magdy Abd; Magis Rodriguez, Carlos; Mahdavi, Mahdi; Majdan, Marek; Majeed, Azeem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Mapoma, Chabila C; Margolis, David Joel; Martin, Randall V; Martinez Raga, Jose; Masiye, Felix; Mason Jones, Amanda J; Massano, João; Matzopoulos, Richard; Mayosi, Bongani M; Mcgrath, John J; Mckee, Martin; Meaney, Peter A; Mehari, Alem; Mekonnen, Alemayehu B; Melaku, Yohannes Adama; Memiah, Peter; Memish, Ziad A; Mendoza, Walter; Mensink, Gert B. M; Meretoja, Atte; Meretoja, Tuomo J; Mesfin, Yonatan Moges; Mhimbira, Francis Apolinary; Micha, Renata; Miller, Ted R; Mills, Edward J; Mirarefin, Mojde; Misganaw, Awoke; Mitchell, Philip B; Mock, Charles N; Mohammadi, Alireza; Mohammed, Shafiu; Monasta, Lorenzo; de la Cruz Monis, Jonathan; Hernandez, Julio Cesar Montañez; Montico, Marcella; Moradi Lakeh, Maziar; Morawska, Lidia; Mori, Rintaro; Mueller, Ulrich O; Murdoch, Michele E; Murimira, Brighton; Murray, Joseph; Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana; Murthy, Srinivas; Musa, Kamarul Imran; Nachega, Jean B; Nagel, Gabriele; Naidoo, Kovin S; Naldi, Luigi; Nangia, Vinay; Neal, Bruce; Nejjari, Chakib; Newton, Charles R; Newton, John N; Ngalesoni, Frida Namnyak; Nguhiu, Peter; Nguyen, Grant; Le Nguyen, Quyen; Nisar, Muhammad Imran; Pete, Patrick Martial Nkamedjie; Nolte, Sandra; Nomura, Marika; Norheim, Ole F; Norrving, Bo; Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; In Hwan, Oh; Oladimeji, Olanrewaju; Olivares, Pedro R; Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola; Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun; Opio, John Nelson; Oren, Eyal; Ortiz, Alberto; Osborne, Richard H; Ota, Erika; Owolabi, Mayowa O; Mahesh, Pa; Park, Eun Kee; Park, Hye Youn; Parry, Charles D; Parsaeian, Mahboubeh; Patel, Tejas; Patel, Vikram; Caicedo, Angel J. Paternina; Patil, Snehal T; Patten, Scott B; Patton, George C; Paudel, Deepak; Pedro, João Mário; Pereira, David M; Perico, Norberto; Pesudovs, Konrad; Petzold, Max; Phillips, Michael Robert; Piel, Frédéric B; Pillay, Julian David; Pinho, Christine; Pishgar, Farhad; Polinder, Suzanne; Poulton, Richie G; Pourmalek, Farshad; Qorbani, Mostafa; Rabiee, Rynaz H. S; Radfar, Amir; Rahimi Movaghar, Vafa; Rahman, Mahfuzar; Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur; Rahman, Sajjad Ur; Rai, Rajesh Kumar; Rajsic, Sasa; Raju, Murugesan; Ram, Usha; Rana, Saleem M; Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal; Ranganathan, Kavitha; Rao, Puja C; Refaat, Amany H; Reitsma, Marissa B; Remuzzi, Giuseppe; Resnikoff, Serge; Ribeiro, Antonio L; Blancas, Maria Jesus Rios; Roba, Hirbo Shore; Roberts, Bayard; Rodriguez, Alina; Rojas Rueda, David; Ronfani, Luca; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Roth, Gregory A; Rothenbacher, Dietrich; Roy, Ambuj; Roy, Nobhojit; Sackey, Ben Benasco; Sagar, Rajesh; Saleh, Muhammad Muhammad; Sanabria, Juan R; Santomauro, Damian F; Santos, Itamar S; Sarmiento Suarez, Rodrigo; Sartorius, Benn; Satpathy, Maheswar; Savic, Miloje; Sawhney, Monika; Sawyer, Susan M; Schmidhuber, Josef; Schmidt, Maria Inês; Schneider, Ione J. C; Schutte, Aletta E; Schwebel, David C; Seedat, Soraya; Sepanlou, Sadaf G; Servan Mori, Edson E; Shackelford, Katya; Shaheen, Amira; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Levy, Teresa Shamah; Sharma, Rajesh; She, Jun; Sheikhbahaei, Sara; Shen, Jiabin; Sheth, Kevin N; Shey, Muki; Shi, Peilin; Shibuya, Kenji; Shigematsu, Mika; Shin, Min Jeong; Shiri, Rahman; Shishani, Kawkab; Shiue, Ivy; Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora; Silpakit, Naris; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos; Silverberg, Jonathan I; Simard, Edgar P; Sindi, Shireen; Singh, Abhishek; Singh, Gitanjali M; Singh, Jasvinder A; Singh, Om Prakash; Singh, Prashant Kumar; Skirbekk, Vegard; Sligar, Amber; Soneji, Samir; Søreide, Kjetil; Sorensen, Reed J. D; Soriano, Joan B; Soshnikov, Sergey; Sposato, Luciano A; Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T; Stahl, Hans Christian; Stanaway, Jeffrey D; Stathopoulou, Vasiliki; Steckling, Nadine; Steel, Nicholas; Stein, Dan J; Steiner, Caitlyn; Stöckl, Heidi; Stranges, Saverio; Strong, Mark; Sun, Jiandong; Sunguya, Bruno F; Sur, Patrick; Swaminathan, Soumya; Sykes, Bryan L; Szoeke, Cassandra E. I; Tabarés Seisdedos, Rafael; Tabb, Karen M; Talongwa, Roberto Tchio; Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul; Tavakkoli, Mohammad; Taye, Bineyam; Taylor, Hugh R; Tedla, Bemnet Amare; Tefera, Worku; Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw; Tekle, Dejen Yemane; Shifa, Girma Temam; Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman; Tessema, Gizachew Assefa; Thakur, J. S.; Thomson, Alan J; Thorne Lyman, Andrew L; Thrift, Amanda G; Thurston, George D; Tillmann, Taavi; Tobe Gai, Ruoyan; Tonelli, Marcello; Topor Madry, Roman; Topouzis, Fotis; Tran, Bach Xuan; Dimbuene, Zacharie Tsala; Tura, Abera Kenay; Tuzcu, Emin Murat; Tyrovolas, Stefanos; Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna; Undurraga, Eduardo A; Uneke, Chigozie Jesse; Uthman, Olalekan A; van Donkelaar, Aaron; Varakin, Yuri Y; Vasankari, Tommi; Vasconcelos, Ana Maria Nogales; Veerman, J. Lennert; Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy; Verma, Raj Kumar; Violante, Francesco S; Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich; Volkow, Patricia; Vollset, Stein Emil; Wagner, Gregory R; Wallin, Mitchell T; Wang, Linhong; Wanga, Valentine; Watkins, David A; Weichenthal, Scott; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Weintraub, Robert G; Weiss, Daniel J; Werdecker, Andrea; Westerman, Ronny; Whiteford, Harvey A; Wilkinson, James D; Wiysonge, Charles Shey; Wolfe, Charles D. A; Wolfe, Ingrid; Won, Sungho; Woolf, Anthony D; Workie, Shimelash Bitew; Wubshet, Mamo; Gelin, Xu; Yadav, Ajit Kumar; Yakob, Bereket; Yalew, Ayalnesh Zemene; Yan, Lijing L; Yano, Yuichiro; Yaseri, Mehdi; Pengpeng, Ye; Yip, Paul; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Yoon, Seok Jun; Younis, Mustafa Z; Chuanhua, Yu; Zaidi, Zoubida; El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa; Zambrana Torrelio, Carlos; Zapata, Tomas; Zegeye, Elias Asfaw; Zhao, Yi; Zhou, Maigeng; Zodpey, Sanjay; Zonies, David; Murray, Christopher J. L.

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31467-2

In September 2015, the UN General Assembly established the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs specify 17 universal goals, 169 targets, and 230 indicators leading up to 2030. We provide an analysis of 33 health-related SDG indicators based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015).We applied statistical methods to systematically compiled data to estimate the performance of 33 health-related SDG indicators for 188 countries from 1990 to 2015. We rescaled each indicator on a scale from 0 (worst observed value between 1990 and 2015) to 100 (best observed). Indices representing all 33 health-related SDG indicators (health-related SDG index), health-related SDG indicators included in the Millennium Development Goals (MDG index), and health-related indicators not included in the MDGs (non-MDG index) were computed as the geometric mean of the rescaled indicators by SDG target. We used spline regressions to examine the relations between the Socio-demographic Index (SDI, a summary measure based on average income per person, educational attainment, and total fertility rate) and each of the health-related SDG indicators and indices.

Measuring the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: a baseline analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 / Lim, Stephen S; Allen, Kate; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A; Dandona, Lalit; Forouzanfar, Mohammad H; Fullman, Nancy; Gething, Peter W; Goldberg, Ellen M; Hay, Simon I; Holmberg, Mollie; Kinfu, Yohannes; Kutz, Michael J; Larson, Heidi J; Liang, Xiaofeng; Lopez, Alan D; Lozano, Rafael; Mcnellan, Claire R; Mokdad, Ali H; Mooney, Meghan D; Naghavi, Mohsen; Olsen, Helen E; Pigott, David M; Salomon, Joshua A; Vos, Theo; Wang, Haidong; Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbas, Kaja M; Abd Allah, Foad; Abdulle, Abdishakur M; Abraham, Biju; Abubakar, Ibrahim; Abu Raddad, Laith J; Abu Rmeileh, Niveen M. E; Abyu, Gebre Yitayih; Achoki, Tom; Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi; Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi; Afanvi, Kossivi Agbelenko; Afshin, Ashkan; Agarwal, Arnav; Agrawal, Anurag; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad; Ahmadieh, Hamid; Ahmed, Kedir Yimam; Akanda, Ali Shafqat; Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola; Akinyemiju, Tomi F; Akseer, Nadia; Al Aly, Ziyad; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Uzma; Alasfoor, Deena; Albuhairan, Fadia S; Aldhahri, Saleh Fahed; Aldridge, Robert William; Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw; Ali, Raghib; Alkerwi, Ala'A; Alkhateeb, Mohammad AB; Alla, François; Allebeck, Peter; Allen, Christine; Al Raddadi, Rajaa; Altirkawi, Khalid A; Martin, Elena Alvarez; Alvis Guzman, Nelson; Amare, Azmeraw T; Amberbir, Alemayehu; Amegah, Adeladza Kofi; Amini, Heresh; Ammar, Walid; Amrock, Stephen Marc; Andersen, Hjalte H; Anderson, Benjamin O; Anderson, Gregory M; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T; Anwari, Palwasha; Ärnlöv, Johan; Artaman, Al; Asayesh, Hamid; Asghar, Rana Jawad; Atique, Suleman; Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur; Awasthi, Ashish; Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala; Azzopardi, Peter; Bacha, Umar; Badawi, Alaa; Balakrishnan, Kalpana; Banerjee, Amitava; Barac, Aleksandra; Barber, Ryan; Barker Collo, Suzanne L; Bärnighausen, Till; Barrero, Lope H; Barrientos Gutierrez, Tonatiuh; Basu, Sanjay; Bayou, Tigist Assefa; Bazargan Hejazi, Shahrzad; Beardsley, Justin; Bedi, Neeraj; Beghi, Ettore; Béjot, Yannick; Bell, Michelle L; Bello, Aminu K; Bennett, Derrick A; Bensenor, Isabela M; Benzian, Habib; Berhane, Adugnaw; Bernabé, Eduardo; Bernal, Oscar Alberto; Betsu, Balem Demtsu; Beyene, Addisu Shunu; Bhala, Neeraj; Bhatt, Samir; Biadgilign, Sibhatu; Bienhoff, Kelly A; Bikbov, Boris; Binagwaho, Agnes; Bisanzio, Donal; Bjertness, Espen; Blore, Jed; Bourne, Rupert R. A; Brainin, Michael; Brauer, Michael; Brazinova, Alexandra; Breitborde, Nicholas J. K; Broday, David M; Brugha, Traolach S; Buchbinder, Rachelle; Butt, Zahid A; Cahill, Leah E; Campos Nonato, Ismael Ricardo; Campuzano, Julio Cesar; Carabin, Hélène; Cárdenas, Rosario; Carrero, Juan Jesus; Carter, Austin; Casey, Daniel; Caso, Valeria; Castañeda Orjuela, Carlos A; Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo; Catalá López, Ferrán; Cavalleri, Fiorella; Cecílio, Pedro; Chang, Hsing Yi; Chang, Jung Chen; Charlson, Fiona J; Che, Xuan; Chen, Alan Zian; Chiang, Peggy Pei Chia; Chibalabala, Mirriam; Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe; Choi, Jee Young Jasmine; Chowdhury, Rajiv; Christensen, Hanne; Ciobanu, Liliana G; Cirillo, Massimo; Coates, Matthew M; Coggeshall, Megan; Cohen, Aaron J; Cooke, Graham S; Cooper, Cyrus; Cooper, Leslie Trumbull; Cowie, Benjamin C; Crump, John A; Damtew, Solomon Abrha; Dandona, Rakhi; Dargan, Paul I; Neves, José das; Davis, Adrian C; Davletov, Kairat; de Castro, E. Filipa; De Leo, Diego; Degenhardt, Louisa; Del Gobbo, Liana C; Deribe, Kebede; Derrett, Sarah; Des Jarlais, Don C; Deshpande, Aniruddha; Deveber, Gabrielle A; Dey, Subhojit; Dharmaratne, Samath D; Dhillon, Preet K; Ding, Eric L; Dorsey, E. Ray; Doyle, Kerrie E; Driscoll, Tim R; Duan, Leilei; Dubey, Manisha; Duncan, Bruce Bartholow; Ebrahimi, Hedyeh; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich; Erskine, Holly E; Eshrati, Babak; Esteghamati, Alireza; Fahimi, Saman; Farid, Talha A; Farinha, Carla Sofia e. Sa; Faro, André; Farvid, Maryam S; Farzadfar, Farshad; Feigin, Valery L; Felicio, Manuela Mendonca; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed Mohammad; Fernandes, Jefferson G; Fernandes, Joao C; Ferrari, Alize J; Fischer, Florian; Fitchett, Joseph R. A; Fitzmaurice, Christina; Foigt, Nataliya; Foreman, Kyle; Fowkes, F. Gerry R; Franca, Elisabeth Barboza; Franklin, Richard C; Fraser, Maya; Friedman, Joseph; Frostad, Joseph; Fürst, Thomas; Gabbe, Belinda; Garcia Basteiro, Alberto L; Gebre, Teshome; Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde; Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay; Gebru, Alemseged Aregay; Gessner, Bradford D; Gillum, Richard F; Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed; Giref, Ababi Zergaw; Giroud, Maurice; Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo; Godwin, William; Gona, Philimon; Goodridge, Amador; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Gotay, Carolyn C; Goto, Atsushi; Gouda, Hebe N; Graetz, Nicholas; Greenwell, Karen Fern; Griswold, Max; Guo, Yuming; Gupta, Rahul; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Vipin; Gutiérrez, Reyna A; Gyawali, Bishal; Haagsma, Juanita A; Haakenstad, Annie; Hafezi Nejad, Nima; Haile, Demewoz; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Halasa, Yara A; Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi; Hamidi, Samer; Hammami, Mouhanad; Hankey, Graeme J; Harb, Hilda L; Haro, Josep Maria; Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh; Havmoeller, Rasmus; Heredia Pi, Ileana Beatriz; Hoek, Hans W; Horino, Masako; Horita, Nobuyuki; Hosgood, H. Dean; Hoy, Damian G; Htet, Aung Soe; Hu, Guoqing; Huang, Hsiang; Iburg, Kim Moesgaard; Idrisov, Bulat T; Inoue, Manami; Islami, Farhad; Jacobs, Troy A; Jacobsen, Kathryn H; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B; James, Peter; Jansen, Henrica A. F. M; Javanbakht, Mehdi; Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra; Jee, Sun Ha; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Jha, Vivekanand; Jiang, Ying; Jibat, Tariku; Jin, Ye; Jonas, Jost B; Kabir, Zubair; Kalkonde, Yogeshwar; Kamal, Ritul; Kan, Haidong; Kandel, Amit; Karch, André; Karema, Corine Kakizi; Karimkhani, Chante; Karunapema, Palitha; Kasaeian, Amir; Kassebaum, Nicholas J; Kaul, Anil; Kawakami, Norito; Kayibanda, Jeanne Françoise; Keiyoro, Peter Njenga; Kemmer, Laura; Kemp, Andrew Haddon; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Keren, Andre; Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khan, Abdur Rahman; Khan, Ejaz Ahmad; Khan, Gulfaraz; Khang, Young Ho; Khoja, Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer; Khosravi, Ardeshir; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kieling, Christian; Kim, Cho il; Kim, Daniel; Kim, Sungroul; Kim, Yun Jin; Kimokoti, Ruth W; Kissoon, Niranjan; Kivipelto, Miia; Knibbs, Luke D; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kolte, Dhaval; Kosen, Soewarta; Kotsakis, Georgios A; Koul, Parvaiz A; Koyanagi, Ai; Kravchenko, Michael; Krueger, Hans; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Kuchenbecker, Ricardo S; Kuipers, Ernst J; Kulikoff, Xie Rachel; Kulkarni, Veena S; Kumar, G. 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