Circular economy: exploring the reverse supply chain management of laptops

Circular economy introduces a phase of Reverse Supply Chain (RSC) that provides a flow of used products to be re-manufactured. The products flow from consumers to enterprises changes the system of waste management and transforms the delivery model from linear to closed loop. RSC logic is recommendable for Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE) where the scarcity of raw materials, the consequent rise in prices of these due to the competitiveness, and the progressive shortening of their lifespan requires the adoption of more efficient waste management systems. The present study aims to map the RSC systems reverse adopted by laptop manufacturers.