Kidney Autotransplant With Ex Vivo Repair for Bilateral Renal Artery Aneurysm: Case Report

Renal artery aneurysm is a rare vascular condition that could remain silent or could lead to potential lifethreatening consequences, especially when there are multiple lesions. Endovascular treatment and open in situ surgical reconstruction are often considered first-line options, although not always feasible or durable. We report the case of a successful kidney autotransplant in a 56-year-old female patient who had bilateral multiple renal artery aneurysms with calcified walls and parietal thrombotic apposition. Given the history of hypertension and the risks related to aneurysm rupture, the patient underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy followed by ex situ repair and heterotopic graft reimplant. We also compared our approach with the literature to report on the current evidence and the recommended management for renal artery aneurysms.