El “doble rasero” de las políticas migratorias de la Unión Europea ante la crisis ucraniana de 2022

Policies in response to the 2022 Ukrainian emergency, one of the most significant humanitarian crises since World War II, which forced over eight million people to seek refuge. It examines the EU’s swift and coordinated response, enabled by the activation of Directive 2001/55/EC on temporary protection, which granted immediate rights to Ukrainian refugees. This reception model, supported by public solidarity and intergovernmental cooperation, allowed for rapid integration in host countries. However, the article also highlights the “double standard” in European migration policies, contrasting the treatment of Ukrainian refugees with the EU’s growing reliance on border externalization, reinforced through agreements with countries such as Turkey and Libya, despite well-documented human rights violations. The Ukrainian crisis demonstrates that it is possible to implement effective and rights-respecting reception policies, while also exposing the urgent need to reassess practices of externalization and pushbacks, in favor of a migration policy more consistent with the EU’s founding values and grounded in respect for human rights.