A meta-analysis and systematic review of communication channels, risk perception and psychological effects in natural hazards

Research aims and objectives: This study combines a meta-analysis of the impact of communication strategies on adaptive behaviour towards natural hazards with a systematic review of the psychological impact of such hazards. The meta-analysis focuses on identifying the most effective communication channels (traditional and digital) during the prevention, response and recovery phases. Meanwhile, the systematic review examines the emotional and behavioural consequences of exposure to natural hazards, with the aim of identifying resilience factors that support psychological coping. Theoretical background: Natural disaster management requires an integrated approach that considers both the effectiveness of risk communication and the psychological impact on exposed communities. Understanding these aspects is essential for promoting adaptive behaviour and enhancing community resilience to natural hazards. Methodology: Both the meta-analysis and the systematic review follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The meta-analysis is restricted to quantitative studies. Searches were conducted in the Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO databases for both studies. Results: Preliminary findings from the meta-analysis suggest that different communication strategies influence risk perception and resilience, thereby promoting adaptive behaviour. The systematic review highlights the primary psychological effects, including affective and cognitive responses, in populations exposed to natural hazards. Limitations: The study has several limitations. For the meta-analysis, the dynamic and evolving nature of communication technologies may make some results less applicable to future scenarios. Instead, for the systematic review, the generalizability of the results may be limited by the heterogeneity of the included studies in terms of geographical, cultural and specific contexts of the hazard. Implications for research: The findings highlight the need for multimodal communication strategies tailored to different contexts and the adoption of multidisciplinary approaches to enhance psychological support and resilience in communities affected by natural disasters.