Ne bis in idem, tutela degli animali e riforma dell’articolo 9 della Costituzione. Considerazioni sul rapporto fra competenza esclusiva statale e riserva di legge a partire dalla sentenza n. 121 del 2023 della Corte costituzionale

Beginning with Constitutional Court ruling No. 121/2023, the author addresses the issue of the hypothetical reservation of state law under the new Article 9 Const. in order to assess the compatibility with the new text of regional laws dealing with the ways and forms of animal protection. In order to save regional disciplines, the author proposes a reading of the new Article 9 that would allow regional laws to be included as «forms» as long as they move within a perimeter drawn by a state discipline.