Is PPP a tool for achieving Sustainable Development Goals? An empirical analysis in the Italian cultural heritage sector

This paper discusses the significance of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) and analyses such partnerships in the context of fundraising strategies. The focus is on assessing the sensitivity of PPPs to sustainability concerns, especially when the State relies on external financing. The paper explores how collaboration between the private and public sectors aligns with the restoration and conservation of assets, financial returns for donors, and the pursuit of sustainable objectives. Given the absence of a standardized ranking for sites based on SDG impact, the study investigates the willingness to finance sustainability among both financing actors and the public recipients. The study specifically examines the long-term effectiveness of the Italian ArtBonus tool in contributing to SDGs. Descriptive statistical analysis is carried out in order to provide a first analytical picture of the diffusion of the Italian tool of ArtBonus and deductive content analysis of three case studies is employed to evaluate the level of transparency of communication regarding the SDG's targets. The research emphasizes the need for a consistent method for using SDG targets related to cultural heritage. A concrete reporting method is proposed, aiming to establish a dual commitment for receiving institutions, ensuring accountability at both the project's inception and conclusion. This approach encourages the integration of activities contributing to SDGs, providing guidelines for users and promoting transparency by requiring beneficiaries to inform the community about funded projects and their sustainability impact. Further research is recommended to expand the study and refine the reporting system.