The possible correlation between the chronic esophageal achalasia and periodontal disease - A pilot study

Objective: Achalasia is a very rare disease characterized by the lack of motor coordination in various phases of contraction- relaxation of esophageal muscles. The aim of the study is to determine the correlation between esophageal achalasia and oral diseases. Patients and Methods: Thirteen esophageal achalasia patients were assessed for the presence of any potential oral symptoms through a questionnaire. 5 volunteered to be included in the study. The oral health status of these 5 patients was assessed by a clinical oral examination. The oral health status of the included cases was compared to the oral health status data from a published observational study on healthy individuals belonging to the same (Italian) population. Results: Our results show that the number of periodontal pockets with Probing Pocket Dept > 4 mm is significantly increased, compared to the average of the Italian population; the Bleeding On Probing (BOP) is not related to the Plaque Control Record (PCR); so we can say that the value of periodontal index is not correlated with the value of oral hygiene index. Conclusions: Considering the limitations of a research based on small numbers, it nevertheless seems advisable to assert that there is a correlation between esophageal achalasia and periodontal disease.