A significant number of COVID-19 patients were shown to have neutralizing antibodies (NAB) against IFN; however, NAB specificity, fluctuation over time, associations with biochemical and hematological parameters, and IFN gene expression are not well characterized. Binding antibodies (BAB) to IFN-α/-β were screened in COVID-19 patients' serum. All BAB positive sera, and a subset of respiratory samples, were tested for NAB against IFN-α/-β/-ω, using an antiviral bioassay. Transcript levels of IFN-α/-β/-ω and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) were quantified. Anti-IFN-I BAB were found in 61 out of 360 (17%) of patients. Among BAB positive sera, 21.3% had a high NAB titer against IFN-α. A total of 69.2% of anti-IFN-α NAB sera displayed cross-reactivity to IFN-ω. Anti-IFN-I NAB persisted in all patients. NAB to IFN-α were also detected in 3 out of 17 (17.6%) of respiratory samples. Anti-IFN-I NAB were higher in males (p = 0.0017), patients admitted to the ICU (p < 0.0001), and patients with a fatal outcome (p < 0.0001). NAB were associated with higher levels of CRP, LDH, d-Dimer, and higher counts of hematological parameters. ISG-mRNAs were reduced in patients with persistently NAB titer. NAB are detected in a significant proportion of severe COVID-19. NAB positive patients presented a defective IFN response and increased levels of laboratory biomarkers of disease severity.

Anti-IFN-α/-ω neutralizing antibodies from COVID-19 patients correlate with downregulation of IFN response and laboratory biomarkers of disease severity / Frasca, Federica; Scordio, Mirko; Santinelli, Letizia; Gabriele, Lucia; Gandini, Orietta; Criniti, Anna; Pierangeli, Alessandra; Angeloni, Antonio; Mastroianni, Claudio M.; D'Ettorre, Gabriella; Viscidi, Raphael P.; Antonelli, Guido; Scagnolari, Carolina. - In: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY. - ISSN 0014-2980. - (2022), pp. 1-9. [10.1002/eji.202249824]

Anti-IFN-α/-ω neutralizing antibodies from COVID-19 patients correlate with downregulation of IFN response and laboratory biomarkers of disease severity

Federica Frasca
Primo
;
Mirko Scordio;Letizia Santinelli;Orietta Gandini;Anna Criniti;Alessandra Pierangeli;Antonio Angeloni;Claudio M. Mastroianni;Gabriella d'Ettorre;Guido Antonelli;Carolina Scagnolari
Ultimo
2022

Abstract

A significant number of COVID-19 patients were shown to have neutralizing antibodies (NAB) against IFN; however, NAB specificity, fluctuation over time, associations with biochemical and hematological parameters, and IFN gene expression are not well characterized. Binding antibodies (BAB) to IFN-α/-β were screened in COVID-19 patients' serum. All BAB positive sera, and a subset of respiratory samples, were tested for NAB against IFN-α/-β/-ω, using an antiviral bioassay. Transcript levels of IFN-α/-β/-ω and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) were quantified. Anti-IFN-I BAB were found in 61 out of 360 (17%) of patients. Among BAB positive sera, 21.3% had a high NAB titer against IFN-α. A total of 69.2% of anti-IFN-α NAB sera displayed cross-reactivity to IFN-ω. Anti-IFN-I NAB persisted in all patients. NAB to IFN-α were also detected in 3 out of 17 (17.6%) of respiratory samples. Anti-IFN-I NAB were higher in males (p = 0.0017), patients admitted to the ICU (p < 0.0001), and patients with a fatal outcome (p < 0.0001). NAB were associated with higher levels of CRP, LDH, d-Dimer, and higher counts of hematological parameters. ISG-mRNAs were reduced in patients with persistently NAB titer. NAB are detected in a significant proportion of severe COVID-19. NAB positive patients presented a defective IFN response and increased levels of laboratory biomarkers of disease severity.
2022
COVID-19; ISG; interferon; autoantibodies, SARS-CoV-2; binding antibodies; neutralizing antibodies
01 Pubblicazione su rivista::01a Articolo in rivista
Anti-IFN-α/-ω neutralizing antibodies from COVID-19 patients correlate with downregulation of IFN response and laboratory biomarkers of disease severity / Frasca, Federica; Scordio, Mirko; Santinelli, Letizia; Gabriele, Lucia; Gandini, Orietta; Criniti, Anna; Pierangeli, Alessandra; Angeloni, Antonio; Mastroianni, Claudio M.; D'Ettorre, Gabriella; Viscidi, Raphael P.; Antonelli, Guido; Scagnolari, Carolina. - In: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY. - ISSN 0014-2980. - (2022), pp. 1-9. [10.1002/eji.202249824]
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1630792
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