The advances in computer processor technology have enabled the application of nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) to agile systems, such as quadrotors. These sys- tems are characterized by their underactuation, nonlinearities, bounded inputs, and time-delays. Classical control solutions fall short in overcoming these difficulties and fully exploiting the capabilities offered by such platforms. This paper presents the design and implementation of an efficient position controller for quadrotors based on real-time NMPC with time-delay compensation and bounds enforcement on the actuators. To deal with the limited computational resources onboard, an offboard control architecture is proposed. It is implemented using the high-performance software package acados, which solves optimal control problems and implements a real-time iteration (RTI) variant of a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) scheme with Gauss-Newton Hessian approximation. The quadratic subproblems (QP) in the SQP scheme are solved with HPIPM, an interior-point method solver, built on top of the linear algebra library BLASFEO, finely tuned for multiple CPU architectures. Solution times are further reduced by reformu- lating the QPs using the efficient partial condensing algorithm implemented in HPIPM. We demonstrate the capabilities of our architecture using the Crazyflie 2.1 nano-quadrotor.

An Efficient Real-Time NMPC for Quadrotor Position Control under Communication Time-Delay / Barros Carlos, Barbara; Sartor, Tommaso; Zanelli, Andrea; Frison, Gianluca; Burgard, Wolfram; Diehl, Moritz; Oriolo, Giuseppe. - (2020), pp. 982-989. (Intervento presentato al convegno 2020 16th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV) tenutosi a Shenzhen; China) [10.1109/ICARCV50220.2020.9305513].

An Efficient Real-Time NMPC for Quadrotor Position Control under Communication Time-Delay

Bárbara Barros Carlos
;
Giuseppe Oriolo
2020

Abstract

The advances in computer processor technology have enabled the application of nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) to agile systems, such as quadrotors. These sys- tems are characterized by their underactuation, nonlinearities, bounded inputs, and time-delays. Classical control solutions fall short in overcoming these difficulties and fully exploiting the capabilities offered by such platforms. This paper presents the design and implementation of an efficient position controller for quadrotors based on real-time NMPC with time-delay compensation and bounds enforcement on the actuators. To deal with the limited computational resources onboard, an offboard control architecture is proposed. It is implemented using the high-performance software package acados, which solves optimal control problems and implements a real-time iteration (RTI) variant of a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) scheme with Gauss-Newton Hessian approximation. The quadratic subproblems (QP) in the SQP scheme are solved with HPIPM, an interior-point method solver, built on top of the linear algebra library BLASFEO, finely tuned for multiple CPU architectures. Solution times are further reduced by reformu- lating the QPs using the efficient partial condensing algorithm implemented in HPIPM. We demonstrate the capabilities of our architecture using the Crazyflie 2.1 nano-quadrotor.
2020
2020 16th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV)
NMPC; quadrotor; communication delay
04 Pubblicazione in atti di convegno::04b Atto di convegno in volume
An Efficient Real-Time NMPC for Quadrotor Position Control under Communication Time-Delay / Barros Carlos, Barbara; Sartor, Tommaso; Zanelli, Andrea; Frison, Gianluca; Burgard, Wolfram; Diehl, Moritz; Oriolo, Giuseppe. - (2020), pp. 982-989. (Intervento presentato al convegno 2020 16th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV) tenutosi a Shenzhen; China) [10.1109/ICARCV50220.2020.9305513].
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1476890
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