According to the thesis of professionalization of scientists, during the 19th century a well-defined social group of professional scientists emerged. That article tries out the professionalization thesis through a precise experience, that of Halford John Mackinder (1861-1947), British geographer, often considered founder of the modern discipline in his country. Mackinder's life and career proved to be congruent with the professionalization thesis, and in particular with the scheme devised by G.H. Daniels which divides the process in four moment: preemption, institutionalization, legitimation and autonomy. In fact, H.J. Mackinder contributed to define Geography's content and boundaries (particularly respect to Geology and History), to establish the first geographical Readership and the first geographical Universitary School in England, to find its benefit for the society, and then tried to sustain himself by the profession of Geographer.
Secondo la tesi della professionalizzazione degli scienziati, durante il XIX secolo emerse un gruppo sociale ben definito di scienziati professionisti. Quest'articolo mette alla prova la tesi della professionalizzazione attraverso una precisa esperienza, quella di Halford John Mackinder (1861-1947), geografo britannico, spesso considerato fondatore della disciplina moderna nel suo paese. La vita e la carriera di Mackinder si rivelano congruenti con la tesi della professionalizzazione, in particolare con lo schema proposto da G.H. Daniels, che divide il processo in quattro momenti: appropriazione, istituzionalizzazione, legittimazione e autonomia. Infatti, H.J. Mackinder contribuì a definire il contenuto e i confini della geografia (in particolare rispetto a storia e geologia), a stabilire la prima cattedra geografica e il primo dipartimento di geografia in Inghilterra, a trovare il suo beneficio per la società, e quindi cercò di sostentarsi attraverso la professione di geografo.
Mackinder e la professionalizzazione della geografia in Gran Bretagna / Scalea, Daniele. - In: BOLLETTINO DELLA SOCIETÀ GEOGRAFICA ITALIANA. - ISSN 1121-7820. - STAMPA. - 7:13(2014), pp. 339-358.
Mackinder e la professionalizzazione della geografia in Gran Bretagna
SCALEA, DANIELE
2014
Abstract
According to the thesis of professionalization of scientists, during the 19th century a well-defined social group of professional scientists emerged. That article tries out the professionalization thesis through a precise experience, that of Halford John Mackinder (1861-1947), British geographer, often considered founder of the modern discipline in his country. Mackinder's life and career proved to be congruent with the professionalization thesis, and in particular with the scheme devised by G.H. Daniels which divides the process in four moment: preemption, institutionalization, legitimation and autonomy. In fact, H.J. Mackinder contributed to define Geography's content and boundaries (particularly respect to Geology and History), to establish the first geographical Readership and the first geographical Universitary School in England, to find its benefit for the society, and then tried to sustain himself by the profession of Geographer.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.