Burnout and work-related stress in italian rehabilitation professionals: a comparison of physiotherapists, speech therapists and occupational therapists

BACKGROUND: Healthcare workers are exposed to work related stresses, that significantly increase their risk of burnout. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare burnout and work related stress levels in three categories of health professionals: physiotherapists, speech therapists and occupational therapists. METHODS: A convenience sample of 391 health professionals participated, including 210 physiotherapists, 101 speech therapists and 80 occupational therapists. We collected general socio-demographic information and administered the standardized Italian version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) Management Standards Indicator Tool. RESULTS: We found the proportion of professionals with high-risk scores in the three dimensions of the MBI to be as follows: Emotional Exhaustion 32%, Depersonalisation 13% and Personal Accomplishment 9%. Overall, 14% of participants were at high risk of burnout. No significant differences were found between the three professional categories. Five subscales of the HSE were associated with burnout: Control (p<0.01), Management support (p<0.01), Relationship (p<0.05), Role (p<0.01), and Change (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Like all health care workers, rehabilitation professionals are at a high risk of burnout. There are common mechanisms underlying burnout in the different professional groups investigated. Further research in occupational health in rehabilitation settings is needed to prevent burnout.