Design and experimental validation of leaky-wave bessel-beam launchers at millimeter-wave frequencies

Various electromagnetic applications, such as wireless power transfer, high-resolution imaging, security screening and so on, require the generation of limited-diffraction electromagnetic waves [1]. In this context, Bessel beams are particularly interesting since they represent ideal nondiffractive monochromatic solutions of the Helmholtz equation. In spite of their mathematical formulation (which assumes Bessel beams to be generated from infinite apertures), theoretical and experimental results in both the optical [1] and the microwave [2] regimes have shown that such waves can be generated by physically realizable devices exhibiting very limited diffractive features.