Tutela e valorizzazione dei siti UNESCO in Iran: una proposta metodologica per il piano di gestione di Naqshe Jahan

The policy of preservation of cities and monuments in Iran is going through a review process. The traditional formulas adopted till now are inadequate to ensure the integrity of the tangible and intangible values of the historical and artistic heritage present in Iran. UNESCO has drawn the attention to some iranian sites that are threatened with degradation and that, despite the recent recommendations contained in the Memorandum of Wien (2004) and in the Budapest’s Declaration (2002), some iranians sites are still lacking of a Management plan. Analyzing the Management plans prepared till now in Iran, I noted that there is not a reference model and that the documents prepared are simple descriptive and iconographic texts that do not provide an action plan and a list of intervention aimed to protect and enhancing the sites. Amoung the different UNESCO sites in Iran, I decided to analyze the most representative of the persians city: the 89600 square meters Naqshe Jahan complex, the first iranian site to be inscribed in the world heritage list in 1979 and the one able to show the historical evolution that Iran has experienced. Naqshe Jahan complex is situated in the ancient city of Isfahan, capital of the Safavid dynasty during the XVI century. The city is the most complete example of Persian city in which it is still possible to distinguish monuments and buildings dating back from different centuries, from the X, XIV and XVI century. The social and economical hart of the city is represented by the big square of Naqshe Jahan, built by Shah Abbas during in the 1590 and still considered the symbol of the whole city.