VALUTAZIONE DELLE FRAZIONI LIPIDICHE E CORRELAZIONE CON IL non-HDL COLESTEROLO IN TRE FORME DI DISLIPIDEMIA ATEROGENA

Background and aims: Atherogenic Dyslipidemia is a common feature of Metabolic Syndrome (MS), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia (FCHL). The aim of our pilot study was to compare lipid levels, cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) content in lipoprotein sub fractions in subjects with MS, T2DM and FCHL and to correlate lipoprotein subfraction levels with non-HDL cholesterol levels. Materials and methods:Two hundred and four individuals were studied: 80 subjects with MS, 85 with T2DM and 39 with FCHL. All subjects were in primary prevention for CVD and not on lipid-lowering therapy. Total Cholesterol (TC), HDL-C and TG were measured by standard assays; NON- HDL-C was calculated as TC minus HDL-C; cholesterol and TG in VLDL, Intermediate density lipoproteins(IDL) and LDL particles were measured after separation by density-gradient ultracentrifugation. Data are expressed as mean (±SD). For comparison between groups the ANOVA was used. Generalized linear model was performed for multivariate analysis (adjusting for age, sex, BMI and smoke). A p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results:Mean age in MS, T2DM and FCHL subjects was 51 (± 1.58), 60.2 (± 9.88) and 46.05 (± 9.72) years, respectively. AD was present in 53.7% of patients with MS, in 23.5% of T2DM patients and in 46.1% of FCHL patients. After multivariate regression analysis, T2DM patients showed significantly lower levels of TC, TG, NON-HDL-C and significantly higher HDL-C levels as compared to MS and FCHL patients (p<0.001 for all). Accordingly, cholesterol in VLDL and IDL and TG in VLDL, IDL and LDL subfractions were also significantly lower in T2DM than in the other 2 groups (p < 0.001 for all. High correlation between non HDL cholesterol levels and lipid subfraction was founf in all three groups. Conclusion:In the cohorts studied, T2DM patients display a less atherogenic lipid profile as compared to patients with MS and FCHL; non HDL choesterl confirms his high correlation with VLDL and IDL levels.