Adventitious root (AR) formation is often a limiting step for vegetative plant propagation, specially forwoody species of economic value. There are evidences showing that adventitious rooting andxylogenesis, both auxin-mediated programs, may compete in different plant experimental systems, and the prevalence of xylogenesis vs rhizogenesis may negatively influence the results of a rooting protocol. Previous results demonstrate that two synthetic urea derivatives, named 1,3-di(benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)urea (5-BDPU) and 1,3-di(benzo[d]oxazol-6-yl)urea (6-BDPU), combined with the auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), enhance AR formation in cuttings of different woody species, e.g. Malus pumila (1) and Pinus radiata (pine; 2). Present research is the first attempt to utilize these two unusual chemicals for improving adventitious rooting in stem cuttings of Ceratonia siliqua L. (carob), a woody angiosperm of high environmental and commercial value (3), but with rooting recalcitrance. Another aim was to identify morphogenic roles of the most effective urea compound in common between carob and pine, to verify the persistence of the same actions in distant species. To the aims, firstly, different protocols were applied in carob, varying the time of chemicals application/dark exposition, in the presence/absence of different IBA concentrations, in order to stimulate AR formation. The results showed that 5-BDPU (10 μM), combined with IBA (1 μM), highly enhanced rooting in carob cuttings in comparison with IBA alone, better than 6-BDPU (10 μM), further reducing callus formation in comparison with IBA alone. Neither of the two urea derivatives showed rooting inductive ability per se, confirming previous results in pine (2) and that IBA was the central factor for AR induction in both species. However, the histological analyses on carob cuttings revealed a new morphogenic role for 5-BDPU, i.e., when used alone the compound favoured xylogenesis from the cambial cells, which were instead able to initiate the adventitious rooting process when also IBA was present. The histological analyses in pine hypocotyl cuttings confirmed that 5-BDPU alone (at the same concentration used in carob) favoured xylogenesis, starting from the AR-competent cells, which in this species were those bordering the resin ducts. In conclusion, in two distantly related species, this urea derivative exhibits a dual morphogenic role, being involved in the switching between rhizogenesis and xylogenesis depending on the presence/absence of exogenous auxin input. The results open the way for understanding xylogenesis as an alternative program inhibiting AR formation and successful micropropagation. 1) A. Ricci, M. Incerti, E. Rolli, P. Vicini, G. Morini, M. Comini, C. Branca (2006) Plant Growth Regul., 50, 201-209 2) F. Brunoni, E. Rolli, L. Dramis, M. Incerti, D. Abarca, A. Pizarro, C. Díaz-Sala, A. Ricci (2014) Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult., 118, 111-124 3) M. Öztürk, Ö. Seҫmen, S. Gucel, S. Sakcali (2012) Acta Hort., 964, 197-202

Roles of 1,3-di(benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)urea, an urea derivative, in carob and pine cuttings: adventitious rooting versus xylogenesis / Fattorini, Laura; Ricci, Ada; Enrico, Rolli; Federica, Brunoni; Lucia, Dramis; Ermanno, Sacco; Barbara, Ruffoni; Carmen, Díaz Sala; Altamura, Maria Maddalena. - ELETTRONICO. - (2016), pp. 27-27. (Intervento presentato al convegno 111° Congresso della Società Botanica Italiana: III international Plant Science Conference tenutosi a Roma, Università di Tor Vergata nel 21-23 settembre 2016).

Roles of 1,3-di(benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)urea, an urea derivative, in carob and pine cuttings: adventitious rooting versus xylogenesis

FATTORINI, LAURA;ALTAMURA, Maria Maddalena
2016

Abstract

Adventitious root (AR) formation is often a limiting step for vegetative plant propagation, specially forwoody species of economic value. There are evidences showing that adventitious rooting andxylogenesis, both auxin-mediated programs, may compete in different plant experimental systems, and the prevalence of xylogenesis vs rhizogenesis may negatively influence the results of a rooting protocol. Previous results demonstrate that two synthetic urea derivatives, named 1,3-di(benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)urea (5-BDPU) and 1,3-di(benzo[d]oxazol-6-yl)urea (6-BDPU), combined with the auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), enhance AR formation in cuttings of different woody species, e.g. Malus pumila (1) and Pinus radiata (pine; 2). Present research is the first attempt to utilize these two unusual chemicals for improving adventitious rooting in stem cuttings of Ceratonia siliqua L. (carob), a woody angiosperm of high environmental and commercial value (3), but with rooting recalcitrance. Another aim was to identify morphogenic roles of the most effective urea compound in common between carob and pine, to verify the persistence of the same actions in distant species. To the aims, firstly, different protocols were applied in carob, varying the time of chemicals application/dark exposition, in the presence/absence of different IBA concentrations, in order to stimulate AR formation. The results showed that 5-BDPU (10 μM), combined with IBA (1 μM), highly enhanced rooting in carob cuttings in comparison with IBA alone, better than 6-BDPU (10 μM), further reducing callus formation in comparison with IBA alone. Neither of the two urea derivatives showed rooting inductive ability per se, confirming previous results in pine (2) and that IBA was the central factor for AR induction in both species. However, the histological analyses on carob cuttings revealed a new morphogenic role for 5-BDPU, i.e., when used alone the compound favoured xylogenesis from the cambial cells, which were instead able to initiate the adventitious rooting process when also IBA was present. The histological analyses in pine hypocotyl cuttings confirmed that 5-BDPU alone (at the same concentration used in carob) favoured xylogenesis, starting from the AR-competent cells, which in this species were those bordering the resin ducts. In conclusion, in two distantly related species, this urea derivative exhibits a dual morphogenic role, being involved in the switching between rhizogenesis and xylogenesis depending on the presence/absence of exogenous auxin input. The results open the way for understanding xylogenesis as an alternative program inhibiting AR formation and successful micropropagation. 1) A. Ricci, M. Incerti, E. Rolli, P. Vicini, G. Morini, M. Comini, C. Branca (2006) Plant Growth Regul., 50, 201-209 2) F. Brunoni, E. Rolli, L. Dramis, M. Incerti, D. Abarca, A. Pizarro, C. Díaz-Sala, A. Ricci (2014) Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult., 118, 111-124 3) M. Öztürk, Ö. Seҫmen, S. Gucel, S. Sakcali (2012) Acta Hort., 964, 197-202
2016
111° Congresso della Società Botanica Italiana: III international Plant Science Conference
04 Pubblicazione in atti di convegno::04d Abstract in atti di convegno
Roles of 1,3-di(benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)urea, an urea derivative, in carob and pine cuttings: adventitious rooting versus xylogenesis / Fattorini, Laura; Ricci, Ada; Enrico, Rolli; Federica, Brunoni; Lucia, Dramis; Ermanno, Sacco; Barbara, Ruffoni; Carmen, Díaz Sala; Altamura, Maria Maddalena. - ELETTRONICO. - (2016), pp. 27-27. (Intervento presentato al convegno 111° Congresso della Società Botanica Italiana: III international Plant Science Conference tenutosi a Roma, Università di Tor Vergata nel 21-23 settembre 2016).
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11573/892974
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