Neutrophils are often viewed as nonspecialized effector cells whose presence is a simple indicator of tissue inflammation. There is new evidence that neutrophils exist in subsets and have specialized effector functions that include extracellular trap generation and the stimulation of angiogenesis. The application of intravital imaging to transplanted organs has revealed novel requirements for neutrophil trafficking into graft tissue and has illuminated direct interactions between neutrophils and other leukocytes that promote alloimmunity. Paradoxically, retaining some neutrophilia may be important to induce or maintain tolerance. Neutrophils can stimulate anti-inflammatory signals in other phagocytes and release molecules that inhibit T cell activation. In this article, we will review the available evidence of how neutrophils regulate acute and chronic inflammation in transplanted organs and discuss the possibility of targeting these cells to promote tolerance.

The Role of Neutrophils in Transplanted Organs / Ibrahim, Mohsen; Scozzi, D; Menna, C.; Krupnick, A. S.; Kreisel, D.; Gelman, A. E.. - In: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION. - ISSN 1600-6135. - ELETTRONICO. - 17:2(2016), pp. 1-8. [10.1111/ajt.13940]

The Role of Neutrophils in Transplanted Organs

IBRAHIM, MOHSEN;Scozzi ,D;Menna, C.
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
2016

Abstract

Neutrophils are often viewed as nonspecialized effector cells whose presence is a simple indicator of tissue inflammation. There is new evidence that neutrophils exist in subsets and have specialized effector functions that include extracellular trap generation and the stimulation of angiogenesis. The application of intravital imaging to transplanted organs has revealed novel requirements for neutrophil trafficking into graft tissue and has illuminated direct interactions between neutrophils and other leukocytes that promote alloimmunity. Paradoxically, retaining some neutrophilia may be important to induce or maintain tolerance. Neutrophils can stimulate anti-inflammatory signals in other phagocytes and release molecules that inhibit T cell activation. In this article, we will review the available evidence of how neutrophils regulate acute and chronic inflammation in transplanted organs and discuss the possibility of targeting these cells to promote tolerance.
2016
basic (laboratory) research/science; immune regulation; immunobiology; innate immunity; organ transplantation in general; rejection; tolerance: clinical; tolerance: mechanisms; transplantation; immunology and allergy; pharmacology (medical)
01 Pubblicazione su rivista::01a Articolo in rivista
The Role of Neutrophils in Transplanted Organs / Ibrahim, Mohsen; Scozzi, D; Menna, C.; Krupnick, A. S.; Kreisel, D.; Gelman, A. E.. - In: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION. - ISSN 1600-6135. - ELETTRONICO. - 17:2(2016), pp. 1-8. [10.1111/ajt.13940]
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11573/891902
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