The methylation of histone Lys residues by Lys methyltransferases (KMTs) regulates chromatin organization and either activates or represses gene expression, depending on the residue that is targeted. KMTs are emerging as key components in several cellular processes, and their deregulation is often associated with pathogenesis. Here, we review the current knowledge on the main KMTs that are associated with gene silencing: namely, those responsible for methylating histone H3 Lys 9 (H3K9), H3K27 and H4K20. We discuss their biochemical properties and the various mechanisms by which they are targeted to the chromatin and regulate gene expression, as well as new data on the interplay between them and other chromatin modifiers.

Sound of silence: the properties and functions of repressive Lys methyltransferases / Mozzetta, Chiara; Boyarchuk, Ekaterina; Pontis, Julien; Ait Si Ali, Slimane. - In: NATURE REVIEWS. MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY. - ISSN 1471-0072. - ELETTRONICO. - 16:8(2015), pp. 499-513. [10.1038/nrm4029]

Sound of silence: the properties and functions of repressive Lys methyltransferases

MOZZETTA, CHIARA
;
2015

Abstract

The methylation of histone Lys residues by Lys methyltransferases (KMTs) regulates chromatin organization and either activates or represses gene expression, depending on the residue that is targeted. KMTs are emerging as key components in several cellular processes, and their deregulation is often associated with pathogenesis. Here, we review the current knowledge on the main KMTs that are associated with gene silencing: namely, those responsible for methylating histone H3 Lys 9 (H3K9), H3K27 and H4K20. We discuss their biochemical properties and the various mechanisms by which they are targeted to the chromatin and regulate gene expression, as well as new data on the interplay between them and other chromatin modifiers.
2015
Animals; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; Histones; Humans; Methylation; Gene Silencing; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine (all)
01 Pubblicazione su rivista::01g Articolo di rassegna (Review)
Sound of silence: the properties and functions of repressive Lys methyltransferases / Mozzetta, Chiara; Boyarchuk, Ekaterina; Pontis, Julien; Ait Si Ali, Slimane. - In: NATURE REVIEWS. MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY. - ISSN 1471-0072. - ELETTRONICO. - 16:8(2015), pp. 499-513. [10.1038/nrm4029]
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11573/870123
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