[Advances in the diagnosis and therapy for diseases of the ocular surface: dry eye and ocular allergies]

The 77th meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) presented the latest developments in clinical research and practice across a range of ophthalmic disciplines. Of particular interest was the current status of research in dry eye and ocular allergy. With these conditions being very common to ophthalmologists, and the fact that they are difficult to differentiate due to the number of overlapping symptoms, there remains a need for more rapid and accurate methods for their diagnosis. Therefore, a number of new tools were presented that have the potential for use in clinical trials and practice to improve the diagnosis and assessment of dry eye and ocular allergy. Some of these tools have been developed based on a greater understanding of the pathophysiology of dry eye and ocular allergy, and the various molecular pathways involved. Indeed, a greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of dry eye and ocular allergy has identified potential targets for the treatment of these conditions. Continuing research into new agents can provide ophthalmologists with a number of options that will ultimately benefit the patient.