Faros italianos entre geometría y simbolismo / The Idiom of Geometry and Symbolism of the lighthouses In Italy

Coastal lighthouses in Italy incarnate mathematical formalism. Modern mathematics, when applied to geometry, is formal, aiming at the concrete meaning of the analyzed entities: geometric shapes and surfaces. Lighthouses integrate the functional aspects of navigation, orientation and security and refer to geometric and symbolic concepts. Each lighthouse constitutes a geometric equation. The article presents the typological organization of their architecture, or rather of their helical staircases, in terms of geometry and symbolism. The form of lighthouse towers, designed according to fundamental concepts of Euclidean geometry are also analyzed. The analysis leads to the conclusion that architecture and mathematics are systems permeated with abstract symbols which linked together assume precise and concrete meanings. The study of the relationship between geometry and symbolism enables us to see and understand the synergy of the individual parts of the buildings analyzed.