Mitochondria, once merely considered as the "powerhouse" of cells, as they generate more than 90 % of cellular ATP, are now known to play a central role in many metabolic processes, including oxidative stress and apoptosis. More than 40 known human diseases are the result of excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), bioenergetic collapse and dysregulated apoptosis. Mitochondria are the main source of ROS in cells, due to the activity of the respiratory chain. In normal physiological conditions, ROS generation is limited by the anti-oxidant enzymatic systems in mitochondria. However, disregulation of the activity of these enzymes or interaction of respiratory complexes with mitochondriotropic agents may lead to a rise in ROS concentrations, resulting in oxidative stress, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) induction and triggering of the apoptotic pathway. ROS concentration is also increased by the activity of amine oxidases located inside and outside mitochondria, with oxidation of biogenic amines and polyamines. However, it should also be recalled that, depending on its concentration, the polyamine spermine can also protect against stress caused by ROS scavenging. In higher organisms, cell signaling pathways are the main regulators in energy production, since they act at the level of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and participate in the induction of the MPT. Thus, respiratory complexes, ATP synthase and transition pore components are the targets of tyrosine kinases and phosphatases. Increased ROS may also regulate the tyrosine phosphorylation of target proteins by activating Src kinases or phosphatases, preventing or inducing a number of pathological states.

Pathophysiological implications of mitochondrial oxidative stress mediated by mitochondriotropic agents and polyamines: The role of tyrosine phosphorylation / Agostinelli, Enzo; Grancara, Silvia; Zonta, Francesca; Ohkubo, Shinji; Brunati, Anna Maria; Toninello, Antonio. - In: AMINO ACIDS. - ISSN 0939-4451. - STAMPA. - 47:5(2015), pp. 869-883. [10.1007/s00726-015-1964-7]

Pathophysiological implications of mitochondrial oxidative stress mediated by mitochondriotropic agents and polyamines: The role of tyrosine phosphorylation

AGOSTINELLI, Enzo;GRANCARA, SILVIA;
2015

Abstract

Mitochondria, once merely considered as the "powerhouse" of cells, as they generate more than 90 % of cellular ATP, are now known to play a central role in many metabolic processes, including oxidative stress and apoptosis. More than 40 known human diseases are the result of excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), bioenergetic collapse and dysregulated apoptosis. Mitochondria are the main source of ROS in cells, due to the activity of the respiratory chain. In normal physiological conditions, ROS generation is limited by the anti-oxidant enzymatic systems in mitochondria. However, disregulation of the activity of these enzymes or interaction of respiratory complexes with mitochondriotropic agents may lead to a rise in ROS concentrations, resulting in oxidative stress, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) induction and triggering of the apoptotic pathway. ROS concentration is also increased by the activity of amine oxidases located inside and outside mitochondria, with oxidation of biogenic amines and polyamines. However, it should also be recalled that, depending on its concentration, the polyamine spermine can also protect against stress caused by ROS scavenging. In higher organisms, cell signaling pathways are the main regulators in energy production, since they act at the level of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and participate in the induction of the MPT. Thus, respiratory complexes, ATP synthase and transition pore components are the targets of tyrosine kinases and phosphatases. Increased ROS may also regulate the tyrosine phosphorylation of target proteins by activating Src kinases or phosphatases, preventing or inducing a number of pathological states.
2015
amine oxidases; mitochondria; mitochondrial medicine; polyamines; ros; tyr-phosphorylation; biochemistry; clinical biochemistry; organic chemistry
01 Pubblicazione su rivista::01a Articolo in rivista
Pathophysiological implications of mitochondrial oxidative stress mediated by mitochondriotropic agents and polyamines: The role of tyrosine phosphorylation / Agostinelli, Enzo; Grancara, Silvia; Zonta, Francesca; Ohkubo, Shinji; Brunati, Anna Maria; Toninello, Antonio. - In: AMINO ACIDS. - ISSN 0939-4451. - STAMPA. - 47:5(2015), pp. 869-883. [10.1007/s00726-015-1964-7]
File allegati a questo prodotto
File Dimensione Formato  
Grancara_Pathophysiological implications_2015.pdf

solo gestori archivio

Tipologia: Documento in Post-print (versione successiva alla peer review e accettata per la pubblicazione)
Licenza: Tutti i diritti riservati (All rights reserved)
Dimensione 355.12 kB
Formato Adobe PDF
355.12 kB Adobe PDF   Contatta l'autore

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11573/778134
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? 6
  • Scopus 17
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 17
social impact