In the course of sixteen years of Jamâl ‘Abd al-Nâsir’s (Nasser’s) Egyptian government, a very important phase of the Arab-Israelian conflict (both about diplomatic-military and ideological plan) has taken place. Nasser’s sight of the question was a consistent elaboration of the belief that the starting-point of every Palestinian and Israelian claim has to be taken back to the British politic’s ambiguity starting from the First World War. This point of view links the Arab unity, the anti-imperialist question and the fight against the Jewish State in an inseparable way. The historical events concerning the period of Nasser’s political hegemony are analyzed after a short historical-cultural excursus regarding the Egyptian geopolitical position in the Middle East’s scenario. This article analyse the whole situation in Egypt, starting from Nasser’s rise to power, arriving to his “anointment” as the Arabian world’s leader after this diplomatic success during the Sinai’s war and ending with the military-political defeat carried during the Six Days War. The guiding thread regarding Nasser’s politic and ideology is investigated with all the details of the situation, looking at the Egyptian’s claim to be the leader-country in Arab world, as a political taken – upon responsibility for something like the Palestinian question’s solution through the Arab unity realization and the stranger’s expulsion from the Arab land. Nasser’s political-cultural hegemony was, however, a not real thing and it was damaged because of internal problems: the fights inside Arab world. The end of Arab unity dream, with the panarabic and socialist ideology’s removal, the consequent laical conceptions’ sostitution replacement with extremist political Islamism, has marked the Muslim world starting from the war of ’67 and the ending of our days.
I sedici anni in cui Jamâl ‘Abd al-Nâsir (Nasser) ha governato l’Egitto hanno segnato, tanto sul piano diplomatico-militare quanto su quello ideologico, una fase molto importante del conflitto arabo-israeliano. La visione nasseriana della questione palestinese, partendo dalla convinzione che l’origine di tutte le rivendicazioni israeliane e palestinesi sia da ricondurre all’ambiguità della politica britannica durante il primo conflitto mondiale, collega in maniera inscindibile l’unità araba, la causa antimperialista e la lotta contro lo Stato ebraico. Nell’articolo, dopo un breve excursus storico-culturale sulla collocazione geopolitica dell’Egitto nel quadrante mediorientale, vengono analizzate le vicende storiche degli anni caratterizzati dell’egemonia politica di Nasser: dalla sua ascesa al potere alla sua consacrazione come guida del mondo arabo in seguito al successo diplomatico riportato al termine della guerra del Sinai, alla disfatta militare e politica riportata nella guerra dei sei giorni. In particolare viene approfondito il filo conduttore della politica e dell’ideologia nasseriane: la rivendicazione per l’Egitto del ruolo di paese-guida del mondo arabo, sentita come assunzione della responsabilità politica di risolvere la questione palestinese attraverso la realizzazione dell’unità araba e la cacciata degli stranieri dal suolo arabo. D’altra parte emerge come l’egemonia culturale e politica di Nasser – anche al suo apice – fosse apparente e minata da forti limiti endogeni: le rivalità interne al mondo arabo. La fine del sogno dell’unità araba, con l’allontanamento dalle ideologie del panarabismo e del socialismo arabo, e la conseguente sostituzione delle concezioni laiciste con un islamismo politico fondamentalista hanno caratterizzato l’intero mondo musulmano dalla guerra del ’67 fino ai nostri giorni.
Nasser e il conflitto arabo-israeliano / Brillanti, Claudio. - In: AFRICA. - ISSN 0001-9747. - STAMPA. - LXIV:1-2(2009), pp. 70-103.
Nasser e il conflitto arabo-israeliano
BRILLANTI, CLAUDIO
2009
Abstract
In the course of sixteen years of Jamâl ‘Abd al-Nâsir’s (Nasser’s) Egyptian government, a very important phase of the Arab-Israelian conflict (both about diplomatic-military and ideological plan) has taken place. Nasser’s sight of the question was a consistent elaboration of the belief that the starting-point of every Palestinian and Israelian claim has to be taken back to the British politic’s ambiguity starting from the First World War. This point of view links the Arab unity, the anti-imperialist question and the fight against the Jewish State in an inseparable way. The historical events concerning the period of Nasser’s political hegemony are analyzed after a short historical-cultural excursus regarding the Egyptian geopolitical position in the Middle East’s scenario. This article analyse the whole situation in Egypt, starting from Nasser’s rise to power, arriving to his “anointment” as the Arabian world’s leader after this diplomatic success during the Sinai’s war and ending with the military-political defeat carried during the Six Days War. The guiding thread regarding Nasser’s politic and ideology is investigated with all the details of the situation, looking at the Egyptian’s claim to be the leader-country in Arab world, as a political taken – upon responsibility for something like the Palestinian question’s solution through the Arab unity realization and the stranger’s expulsion from the Arab land. Nasser’s political-cultural hegemony was, however, a not real thing and it was damaged because of internal problems: the fights inside Arab world. The end of Arab unity dream, with the panarabic and socialist ideology’s removal, the consequent laical conceptions’ sostitution replacement with extremist political Islamism, has marked the Muslim world starting from the war of ’67 and the ending of our days.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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