Abusivismo edilizio a Roma. Una valutazione dei processi insediativi per una politica di rigenerazione urbana

The paper’s main aim is to show and to evaluate the dimensions and characters of the development of “illegal” settlements in Roma, underlining both its contribution to land consumption (so relevant in the Capital) and its fundamental role in the urban growth of the city. A specific GIS project has been developed to work out several maps and quantitative evaluations that give us, for the first time, an original and systematic frame of the phenomenon. Here are specified extensions, people involved, land uses, settlement characteristics, following the different typologies of areas, at the beginning born as “illegal” zones and then transformed through time in stabilized parts of the city. The research results sound very impressive, indeed. The paper shows the relevant weight of such “illegal” urban development on the whole process of city building and on its organization, so that it can be considered one of the main processes of Roman urban development and a fundamental socio-economic system, as well. Such urban development have had important and huge negative effects, from the point of view both of the environmental sustainability and of the urban quality (and the quality of city life, as well). It remains one of the big problems to solve for the public administration and its policies.

Gli insediamenti abusivi costituiscono una parte estremamente consistente della città di Roma ed hanno avuto enormi implicazioni nello sviluppo della Capitale. Hanno tuttora importanti effetti sociali e ambientali, sul consumo di suolo e la diffusione urbana, sui costi urbani della gestione della città, a cominciare dai servizi, alle aree verdi, ai trasporti. Una politica di rigenerazione urbana non può prescindere da una valutazione complessiva del peso e del condizionamento che essi hanno sulla qualità e sull’organizzazione della città.