Actuation and buckling effects in IPMCs

In the last decade, ionic polymer–metal composites are emerged as viable intelligent materials working both as bending actuators and energy harvesting systems. Recently, the feasibility of actuation from mechanical buckling has been investigated. In the present research, we present relevant numerical experiments concerning the possible electromechanical transduction when different patterned electrodes are considered. The focus of this research is theoretical, numerical, and experimental. In particular, with reference to almost one–dimensional IPMC strips, we take into account the large influence of electrodes’ bending stiffness on the IPMC behavior. We consider an original continuous metal strip covering the ionic polymer, and the patterned electrodes with one or more gaps. The actuation response of the system to low and to high voltages is studied; a strong difference is evidenced in the two situations as, in presence of high voltage, the system shows a buckling in opposite direction which needs further investigations.