Objective: To elucidate the mechanisms of improvement/reversal of type 2 diabetes after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Methods: Fourteen morbidly obese subjects, 7 with normal glucose tolerance and 7 with type 2 diabetes, were studied before and 1 month after RYGB by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC), by intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 3 different sessions. Intravenous glucose tolerance test IVGTT and OGTT insulin secretion rate (ISR) and sensitivity were obtained by the minimal model. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagonlike peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured. Six healthy volunteers were used as controls. Results: Total ISR largely increased in diabetic subjects only when glucose was administered orally (37.8 +/- 14.9 vs 68.3 +/- 22.8 nmol; P < 0.05, pre-operatively vs postoperatively). The first-phase insulin secretion was restored in type 2 diabetic after the IVGTT (Phi(1) x 10(-9): 104 +/- 54 vs 228 +/- 88; P < 0.05, preoperatively vs postoperatively; 242 +/- 99 in controls). Insulin sensitivity by EHC (M x 102) was slightly but significantly improved in both normotolerant and diabetic subjects (1.46 +/- 0.22 vs 1.37 +/- 0.55 mmol.min(-1.)kg(-1); P < 0.05 and 1.53 +/- 0.23 vs 1.28 +/- 0.62 mmol.min(-1).kg(-1); P < 0.05, respectively). Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index was improved in all normotolerant (0.32 +/- 0.02 vs 0.30 +/- 0.02; P < 0.05) and diabetic subjects (0.33 +/- 0.03 vs 0.31 +/- 0.02; P < 0.05). GIP and GLP-1 levels increased both at fast and after OGTT mainly in type 2 diabetic subjects. Conclusions: The large increase of ISR response to the OGTT together with the restoration of the first-phase insulin secretion in diabetic subjects might explain the reversal of type 2 diabetes after RYGB. The large incretin secretion after the oral glucose load might contribute to the increased ISR.
Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion Changes After Gastric Bypass in Normotolerant and Diabetic Obese Subjects / Salinari, Serenella; Alessandro, Bertuzzi; Caterina, Guidone; Elena, Previti; Francesco, Rubino; Geltrude, Mingrone. - In: ANNALS OF SURGERY. - ISSN 0003-4932. - ELETTRONICO. - 257:3(2013), pp. 462-468. [10.1097/sla.0b013e318269cf5c]
Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion Changes After Gastric Bypass in Normotolerant and Diabetic Obese Subjects
SALINARI, Serenella;
2013
Abstract
Objective: To elucidate the mechanisms of improvement/reversal of type 2 diabetes after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Methods: Fourteen morbidly obese subjects, 7 with normal glucose tolerance and 7 with type 2 diabetes, were studied before and 1 month after RYGB by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC), by intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 3 different sessions. Intravenous glucose tolerance test IVGTT and OGTT insulin secretion rate (ISR) and sensitivity were obtained by the minimal model. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagonlike peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured. Six healthy volunteers were used as controls. Results: Total ISR largely increased in diabetic subjects only when glucose was administered orally (37.8 +/- 14.9 vs 68.3 +/- 22.8 nmol; P < 0.05, pre-operatively vs postoperatively). The first-phase insulin secretion was restored in type 2 diabetic after the IVGTT (Phi(1) x 10(-9): 104 +/- 54 vs 228 +/- 88; P < 0.05, preoperatively vs postoperatively; 242 +/- 99 in controls). Insulin sensitivity by EHC (M x 102) was slightly but significantly improved in both normotolerant and diabetic subjects (1.46 +/- 0.22 vs 1.37 +/- 0.55 mmol.min(-1.)kg(-1); P < 0.05 and 1.53 +/- 0.23 vs 1.28 +/- 0.62 mmol.min(-1).kg(-1); P < 0.05, respectively). Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index was improved in all normotolerant (0.32 +/- 0.02 vs 0.30 +/- 0.02; P < 0.05) and diabetic subjects (0.33 +/- 0.03 vs 0.31 +/- 0.02; P < 0.05). GIP and GLP-1 levels increased both at fast and after OGTT mainly in type 2 diabetic subjects. Conclusions: The large increase of ISR response to the OGTT together with the restoration of the first-phase insulin secretion in diabetic subjects might explain the reversal of type 2 diabetes after RYGB. The large incretin secretion after the oral glucose load might contribute to the increased ISR.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.