Hybrid configurations for satellite constellations

Orbital configuration design for satellite constellations is currently based on strongly regular models, as they make easier the coverage analysis. This paper deals with the widening of these symmetry constraints, leading to the so-called hybrid configurations. Their analysis, which has to include dynamical concepts, is carried on using the street of coverage method. The sets of parameters proper to the constellations are obtained for different orbital inclinations and semiaxes, and the introduction of a non-zero eccentricity is considered. Possible applications and examples are included. The extension of the cap (i.e. the region of overlapping among different orbital planes) is analysed. Use of spare satellites placed in a hybrid configuration in order to complete a regular constellation is also investigated, with respect to the time for replacement.