Valorizzare o costruire gli immobili del patrimonio edilizio pubblico? Valuing or construct buildings of public building?

The issue of housing in Italy concerns an ever-increasing sector of the population. A new sector of poverty-prone individuals (such as the younger generation, immigrants, the elderly) is emerging, people who neither have the pre-requisites to qualify for social housing, nor are in a position to have access to housing on the free market. A number of measures have been launched over the past decade to address the issue of emergency housing espressed by this new configuration of vulnerable social groups. These measures have been launched at a national, regional, and local level and are aimed at increasing the number of dwellings available for lease at a subsidized rent according to two different lines of action: 1) new construction; 2) recovery of public buildings illegally occupied by squatters and/or formerly intended for other uses but presently being disused. The Municipality of Rome has launched several operational programs to try to respond to the new challenges of emergency housing making use of two normative/implementative instruments (the D.M. n°2523/2001 ”20.000 alloggi in affitto” and the L.R. n°55/1998 “Autorecupero del patrimonio immobiliare”). To understand which of these two modes of action (new construction and recovery of real estate assets) is best considered most suited to deal effectively and efficiently with the needs expressed by the stakeholders to question (Public Administration) and respond to (beneficiaries of the support offered) the problems of homelessness, an evaluation procedure has been devised and applied. It is designed to analyze, compare and evaluate qualitative and quantitative aspects of some of the projects (case studies) launched in the City of Rome using these methods. To this end, a pluriparametric method based on multiple criteria (Electre method) has been applied, suitable for obtaining a hierarchical order among the alternatives considered, and depending on the preferences expressed by the stakeholders involved in the decision. The emerging results, deduced from the analysis and valuation, both carried out in relation to the initial objectives of the programs that have operationally implemented the provisions of the Statutes, have allowed the definition of some guidelines for practical decision-making in general. These guidelines can also be applied in a wider setting to render the implementatioin process more efficient and effective and for the benefit of financing of the interventions and choice of projects to be financed.