Reduction and augmentation genioplasty in orthognathic surgery

Orthognathic surgery is indicated in craniofacial malformations in order to re-establish occlusal relations through the placement of maxillo-mandibular bone bases, allowing the balance of stomatognathic system and its neuromuscular and articular components. Genioplasty has esthetic aims and finds its application in craniofacial malformations, especially in teeth-skeletal ones and mandibular asymmetry. There are two kinds of genioplasty: reduction and augmentation. The choice of the surgical technique to adopt depends on the malformation. Complications related to this surgery are: alloplastic implants migration in augmentation genioplasty with prosthesis; infections and abscesses; falling of plaques and screws used to fix the replaced fragment. In this study, the authors, make a retrospective evaluation of patients undergone genioplastic surgery, treated in the Maxillo-Facial ward of the Umberto I Policlinic in Rome.