Dynamic characterization of the Basilica of Maxentius in Rome

The present paper reports the main results of the ambient vibration recordings of the response of the Basilica of Maxentius in Rome. This building was the largest vaulted structure in the Roman Empire. Today, one aisle of this monument still remains, suffering from a complex crack scenario. The available data were used to determine the level of vibration induced by traffic and compare this level to values considered causes of concern according to international standards. Then, the first natural frequencies and mode shapes were determined and compared to those predicted by a finite element model. Notwithstanding the severe simplification regarding material behavior and crack pattern in the finite element model, an agreement between numerical and experimental results is reached after an adjustment of some model parameters. The knowledge of natural frequencies and availability of an updated numerical model can be a first step in a framework of a structural monitoring program to reveal over time any decays in structural integrity.