Search for Maximal Flavor Violating Scalars in Same-Charge Lepton Pairs in p(p)over-bar Collisions at root s=1.96 TeV

Models of maximal flavor violation (MxFV) in elementary particle physics may contain at least one new scalar SU(2) doublet field phi(FV) = (eta(0),eta(+)) that couples the first and third generation quarks (q(1), q(3)) via a Lagrangian term L(FV) = xi(13)phi(FV)q(1)q(3). These models have a distinctive signature of same-charge top-quark pairs and evade flavor-changing limits from meson mixing measurements. Data corresponding to 2 fb(-1) collected by the Collider Dectector at Fermilab II detector in p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV are analyzed for evidence of the MxFV signature. For a neutral scalar eta(0) with m(eta 0) = 200 GeV/c(2) and coupling xi(13) = 1, similar to 11 signal events are expected over a background of 2.1 +/- 1.8 events. Three events are observed in the data, consistent with background expectations, and limits are set on the coupling xi(13) for m(eta 0) = 180-300 GeV/c(2).