Hydrogen sulfide for nano-engineered gas transmitter releasing dressings in wound healing: translational

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is increasingly recognized as a key endogenous gasotransmitter involved in tissue repair, angiogenesis, inflammation modulation, and cytoprotection. Its biological activity, mediated through enzymatic pathways including cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), and 3-mercapto-pyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST), supports the therapeutic rationale for exogenous H₂S supplementation in impaired wound healing. Sulphurous thermal spring waters represent a traditional yet biologically relevant source of H₂S exposure, particularly in dermatological and chronic wound conditions. However, the clinical translation of H₂S therapy is limited by the molecule’s volatility and rapid degradation. Nano-engineered delivery systems have recently emerged as promising tools to enable controlled and sustained H₂S release at the wound site.