Reframing Brain-Computer Interfaces as Plug-and-Play Assistive Peripherals for Existing Assistive Technologies

Severe motor disabilities caused by neurological disorders often prevent individuals from effectively accessing modern Assistive Technologies (AT) for communication and interaction, despite the maturity of commercial AT software ecosystems. Non-invasive Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) can provide alternative access channels by decoding brain activity, yet their adoption in real-world AT contexts remains limited. A key limitation is the prevalent BCI-centered design, which relies on custom software and requires substantial technical support, hindering usability and integration with commercial AT platforms. This paper proposes a conceptual shift, reframing the BCI as a plug-and-play assistive peripheral operating as a standard input device for existing AT software. The proposed architecture is outlined, based on embedded signal processing, automated calibration, and an ATcompatible middleware layer. Finally, a validation strategy grounded in User-Centered Design and collaboration with AT centers is discussed. This contribution addresses key conference topics, including brain-driven sensing devices, augmentative and alternative communication systems, and assistive technologies for people with severe motor disabilities.