Analysis of nearly collocated C- and X-band marine backscattering

This study contrasts the Normalized Radar Cross Section (NRCS) predicted using the two scale Advanced Integral Equation Method (AIEM) model over marine scenes with the actual mesuraments collected by Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. Operated by the X-band (Cosmo-SkyMed first - CSK - and second - CSG - generation) and C-band (Sentinel-1) satellite missions. The primary objective is to delve into the intricate interplay of wind speed and incidence angle on radar backscattering off the rough sea surface while simultaneously creating a dataset that serves as a valuable resource for future research. Through comprehensive analysis of SAR images and meticulous extraction of NRCS values from delineated regions of interest, our endeavor is to refine and expand the applicability of the AIEM for marine surface scattering. The findings confirm a strong positive correlation between NRCS and wind speed, enhancing the reliability of the AIEM model in predicting radar backscattering under varying marine conditions.