V2LeoSim. A turnkey simulator for 5G V2X NTN scenarios evaluation

This paper presents V2LeoSim, a tailored evaluation framework designed in response to a structural/methodological limitation in current Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)- Non Terrestrial Networks (NTN) assessment tools based on simulation. Existing solutions appear to address orbital mechanics, 5 G system-level procedures, vehicular mobility, and service-level Key-Performance Indicator (KPI) analysis across disconnected environments. The primary contribution of V2LeoSim is the formalization of a unified evaluation simulator in which dynamics of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, 5G user- and controlplane behavior, vehicular mobility, and service-level performance coexist within a single system-level simulation domain. By shifting from tools aggregation to architectural unification, V2LeoSim enables coherent analysis of NTN-enabled V2X services, including handovers between NTN and Terrestrial Networks (TN), for a wide set of V2X use-cases. This work describes the context and the motivation of this novel simulation tool, focusing on limitations of current available simulative solutions, justifying and detailing the working concept of the V2LeoSim simulator and its preliminary architecture.