AR and CDE for the In Situ Validation of a 4D HBIM Model: The Case of the Ceprano Paper Mill

This paper explores the use of Augmented Reality (AR) integrated into a Common Data Environment (CDE) as a method for validating HBIM models, applied to the case study of the Vita-Mayer paper mill in Ceprano, a significant industrial complex currently under survey and digital analysis. The proposed workflow, based on the Dalux platform, enables advanced AR visualization and collaborative task management, allowing immediate comparison between the HBIM model, historical sources, and the surveyed state. Applied to 4D models representing the building’s historical transformations, AR overlays during on-site sessions allow real-time validation of modelled elements – such as the original placement of machinery or reconstructed volumes – against archival and survey data. The system also supports task assignment and tracking, fostering progressive model refinement. A field work validated the methodology, demonstrating the potential of digital tools to enhance participatory, iterative model-checking processes and improve the accuracy and reliability of heritage information.