This paper explores the complex relationship between the Soviet government and shamanism during the early post-revolutionary period (1918–1928). Initially, Bolshevik policy exhibited relative tolerance toward indigenous faiths, strategically using shamanism to undermine the influence of Orthodox Christianity. Through the analysis of ethnographic works by authors like Gavriil Ksenofontov, the study demonstrates how shamanic myths were compared to the "evangelical legend" to dismantle the perceived uniqueness of Christ. However, this phase ended in 1929, when the regime shifted toward radical atheism, reclassifying shamans as "enemies of the people".
Questo saggio esamina il complesso rapporto tra il governo sovietico e lo sciamanesimo nel primo periodo post-rivoluzionario (1918-1928). Inizialmente, la politica bolscevica mostrò una relativa tolleranza verso le fedi indigene, utilizzando strategicamente lo sciamanesimo per minare l'influenza del cristianesimo ortodosso. Attraverso l'analisi delle opere etnografiche di autori come Gavriil Ksenofontov, lo studio dimostra come i miti sciamanici venissero paragonati alla "leggenda evangelica" per smantellare l'unicità di Cristo. Tuttavia, questa fase terminò nel 1929, quando il regime passò all'ateismo radicale, riclassificando gli sciamani come "nemici del popolo".
When Shaman Was Not an Enemy: Tracing Shamanism under Soviet Religious Repression up to 1929 / Montanari, Walter. - In: SHAMAN. - ISSN 1216-7827. - (2025), pp. 89-102.
When Shaman Was Not an Enemy: Tracing Shamanism under Soviet Religious Repression up to 1929
Walter Montanari
2025
Abstract
This paper explores the complex relationship between the Soviet government and shamanism during the early post-revolutionary period (1918–1928). Initially, Bolshevik policy exhibited relative tolerance toward indigenous faiths, strategically using shamanism to undermine the influence of Orthodox Christianity. Through the analysis of ethnographic works by authors like Gavriil Ksenofontov, the study demonstrates how shamanic myths were compared to the "evangelical legend" to dismantle the perceived uniqueness of Christ. However, this phase ended in 1929, when the regime shifted toward radical atheism, reclassifying shamans as "enemies of the people".I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


