ORAL ALTERATIONS IN WIND INSTRUMENT MUSICIANS: EVALUATION, MANAGEMENT, AND PREVENTION

Aim: the prolonged use of wind instruments exerts constant pressure on teeth and soft tissues, potentially leading to oral health issues. This study aims to assess the most common dental and periodontal alterations in musicians and suggest preventive strategies. Methods: a literature review was conducted on the relationship between wind instrument playing and oral health. Additionally, an observational study was carried out on 28 professional musicians from a symphonic orchestra, including players of flute (n = 7), horn (n = 4), oboe (n = 6), clarinet (n = 3), bassoon (n = 3), trumpet (n = 2), trombone (n = 2), and tuba (n = 1). Participants completed a questionnaire on their musical practice, oral hygiene habits, and symptoms related to instrument use. A clinical examination, including periodontal charting was performed to assess dental and soft tissue alterations. Results: the most reported issues included lip and mucosal lesions (60%), dentinal hypersensitivity (48%), and gum recession (37%). Brass instrument players showed a higher prevalence of dental wear and lip pressure-related injuries, while reed players often experienced mucosal ulcerations and mandibular tension. Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation (p <0.05) between years of practice and oral alterations. Conclusions: wind instrument playing can impact oral health. Regular dental check-ups, personalized hygiene practices, and protective devices (e.g., lip shields, mouthguards) may help reduce risks. Further research is needed to refine preventive strategies for musicians.