Quando la linfoistiocitosi emofagocitica è secondaria

The paper describes the case of a 1-year-old Caucasian boy with a 1-month history of fever and splenomegaly. Laboratory findings showed pancytopenia, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperferritinemia. Secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis was suspected on the basis of clinical and laboratory features. Bone marrow aspirate revealed active haemophagocytosis without intra- or extracellular parasites. High levels of antibody title for leishmaniasis confirmed the final diagnosis of haemophagocytic syndrome secondary to visceral leishmaniasis. Amphotericin B treatment was started and showed good clinical response and improvement of laboratory parameters.