XR in Serious Games an Application on Palazzo Barberini

This paper presents a scientifically controlled method for developing serious games focused on architectural heritage, emphasising their role in enhancing and popularising cultural assets. The study stems from work carried out during the PhD Course in History, Representation, and Restoration of Architecture, using Palazzo Barberini in Rome as a case study. By focusing on its outdoor spaces and façade, the research tested an operational workflow and addressed challenges in its implementation. Unlike other cultural assets, architecture requires a cognitive approach reflecting its experiential nature, as “architecture is like a great sculpture carved into which man penetrates and walks” [1]. Extended Reality (XR) technologies were applied to recreate this experience. The Serious Game for Palazzo Barberini integrates both interchangeable in situ and remote gameplay modes. Virtual reality enables immersion and spatial comprehension remotely, while augmented reality enhances interaction on-site. These technologies transform users from passive observers into active participants, fostering experiential learning and deeper engagement with cultural heritage. The game’s development relied on comprehensive digital surveys to ensure formal and spatial consistency with the architecture. Panoramic photographs and graphic enhancements were used to create interactive panoramas designed to spark curiosity and emotional engagement. In conclusion, combining serious games with XR proves highly effective for cultural enrichment and edutainment. This approach enhances accessibility, promotes both entertainment and education, and preserves the authenticity of cultural assets.