Multi-objective information routing in satellite constellations via analytical connectivity detection and static digraph

This work focuses on routing optimization in medium-size satellite constellations via intersatellite links (ISLs), and provides the following key contributions: (a) two distinct analytical methods – stereographic projection and latitudinal matching – able to rapidly detect connectivity events between any pair of satellites and (b) an efficient static digraph formulation for path optimization. Unlike traditional time-varying models, ISLs are modeled as nodes in a static directed graph, while edges are associated with the feasibility of consecutive connection events. The Dijkstra algorithm is employed, in the context of a multi-objective formulation that pursues two goals, i.e. minimization of either information latency or number of ISL transmissions. The technique at hand is successfully tested on a low Earth direct-orbit repeating-ground-track constellation.