Triptorelin: the need for legal protection aimed at the full political and social integration of gender variant youth. A comparison of different global realities

Background: Triptorelin, a GnRH analogue, is used as a puberty blocker for transgender and gender-diverse adolescents experiencing gender dysphoria (GD). This treatment allows these individuals to delay puberty, offering time to explore their gender identity. Despite its recognized benefits in alleviating psychological distress, there are concerns regarding its side effects and the adequacy of psychological support during treatment. Methods: The article examines the use of triptorelin in treating GD, focusing on its approval, efficacy, and safety. It also explores international guidelines, the situation in Italy, and the socio-political context that affects access to gender-affirming care. The study reviews both the advantages and the controversies surrounding GnRHa treatments, particularly for minors. Findings: Triptorelin has been effective in reducing psychological distress for many transgender youth. However, its use is accompanied by side effects like slowed growth, increased BMI, and risks to bone health. In Italy, a parliamentary inquiry raised concerns about the lack of psychological support in treatment centers, leading to the suspension of therapy in some cases. Conclusions: The article calls for a more inclusive and multidisciplinary healthcare system in Italy, emphasizing the need for clear guidelines, better training for healthcare professionals, and increased access to gender-affirming care. Despite progress, political and social barriers persist, highlighting the need for structural reforms to ensure the rights and well-being of transgender youth.