EO data, AI and damage measurement in the insurance industry.

The so-called EO data have taken on an important role in understanding the various processes that affect our planet and, consequently, in monitoring climate and environmental change, and detecting and preventing risks. Just think of the various uses of EO data and the great attention that is now being paid, with a view to precaution and prevention, to future strategies for containing catastrophic risks in agriculture through insurance contracts (index-based policies) that are based on the use of images and data from Earth Observation satellites. Given the opportunity of index-based policies in agriculture, this article aims to analyze the issue of measuring insurance compensation, or rather the assessment of risk and the factors considered for the purposes of actuarial calculations and the related enhancement of the need for clarity and transparency of the insurance contract in favor of the consumer- client. The aim of this paper is to offer reflections on the role of spatial data measurement in relation to insurance and actuarial calculations, proposing hypotheses for more explicit regulation for the effective protection of policyholders and efficient management of insurance risk.