RF electromagnetic fields on TRPM8 receptors. A molecular dynamics approach

In recent years, increasing attention has been given to the potential biological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF), particularly regarding their interaction with molecular and cellular components. Previous studies using RF-EMF signals suggest a possible modulation of thermo-sensitive receptors, highlighting TRPM8 as a key candidate for assessing RF-EMF-related effects; among transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels, TRPM8 plays a key role in thermosensation and cellular signaling. However, direct structural observations require sophisticated and costly methodologies. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations represent a cutting-edge computational approach, providing deep insights into molecular conformational changes under external stimuli, thus complementing experimental studies and reducing the need for costly laboratory techniques. This study employs MD simulations to investigate the interaction of a 26 GHz RF-EMF with the TRPM8 ion channel in a lipid bilayer. A rigorous multi-step approach ensured accurate molecular modeling and simulation. Comparative analyses under RF exposure and control conditions revealed that while TRPM8 remains structurally stable, RF-EMF induces specific modifications in the selectivity filter region, suggesting a potential modulatory effect on ion channel function. Although evidencing subtle effects, these preliminary results open the door for further investigation to understand the biological implications of RF exposure, especially in the context of 5G technology.