Oral mucosal adverse events following administration of an immune checkpoint inhibitor: a case report

This case report describes the emergence of oral immune-related adverse events following the administration of pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), for cutaneous melanoma. The affected patient developed drug-induced oral lichenoid hypersensitivity reactions, oral candidiasis, and angular cheilitis that were successfully managed with topical dexamethasone and nystatin rinses and systemic fluconazole. Patients undergoing prolonged ICI therapy should be informed about the potential for oral complications and the need for close monitoring by oral healthcare providers. Proper management of ICI-related oral sequelae is essential to preserve dental and soft tissue health and prevent potential delays or premature discontinuation of oncologic treatment resulting from oral manifestations.