Many of today’s most heated debates on religious freedom concern family-related issues. Among them, child-rearing is one of the areas where conflicts and disputes between religious beliefs, secular values and legal regulation are most prevalent in European countries. In order to resolve these disputes, CoE law (in particular, Article 2 of Protocol No. 1 to the ECHR) must be applied in a manner consistent with international law, and in particular with Article 14 (2) of the CRC, which requires States Parties to respect the rights and duties of parents to guide their children in the exercise of their right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion, in a manner consistent with the child’s evolving capacities (and based on the best interests of the child, as guaranteed by Article 18 (1) of the Convention). This essay examines the ECtHR’s case-law on this subject, which is constantly seeking a difficult balance between the protection of the religious freedom of both parents and children, the best interests of the child, and the state’s protective function. The analysis inevitably leads to reflection on the proper scope of the margin of appreciation, often used by the Court to resolve in a “Pilates way” the most controversial cases at the intersection of law, religion and family
L'educazione dei figli è certamente uno degli ambiti in cui i conflitti e le controversie tra credenze religiose, valori laici e regolamentazione giuridica sono più diffusi nei paesi europei. Per risolvere queste controversie, le norme della CEDU (in particolare, l’articolo 2 del Protocollo addizionale n. 1) devono essere applicate in modo coerente con il diritto internazionale, e in particolare con l’articolo 14 (2) della CRC, che impone agli Stati parti di rispettare i diritti e i doveri dei genitori di guidare i propri figli nell’esercizio del loro diritto alla libertà di pensiero, di coscienza e di religione in modo coerente con le capacità di sviluppo degli stessi (e sulla base del superiore interesse del minore, come garantito dall’articolo 18 (1) della Convenzione). Il saggio proposto esamina la giurisprudenza non sempre lineare della CEDU in materia, tesa alla ricerca di un difficile equilibrio tra la tutela della libertà religiosa dei genitori e dei figli, gli interessi superiori del minore e la funzione protettiva dello Stato nel campo della istruzione. L’analisi porta inevitabilmente a riflettere sulla corretta portata del margine di apprezzamento, spesso utilizzato dalla Corte per risolvere pilatescamente i casi più controversi all’intersezione tra diritto, religione e famiglia.
Religious claims in child-rearing under the case law of the European Court on Human Rights / Franceschi, Fabio. - In: DIRITTO E RELIGIONI. - ISSN 1970-5301. - 2(2025), pp. 1-21.
Religious claims in child-rearing under the case law of the European Court on Human Rights
fabio franceschi
2025
Abstract
Many of today’s most heated debates on religious freedom concern family-related issues. Among them, child-rearing is one of the areas where conflicts and disputes between religious beliefs, secular values and legal regulation are most prevalent in European countries. In order to resolve these disputes, CoE law (in particular, Article 2 of Protocol No. 1 to the ECHR) must be applied in a manner consistent with international law, and in particular with Article 14 (2) of the CRC, which requires States Parties to respect the rights and duties of parents to guide their children in the exercise of their right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion, in a manner consistent with the child’s evolving capacities (and based on the best interests of the child, as guaranteed by Article 18 (1) of the Convention). This essay examines the ECtHR’s case-law on this subject, which is constantly seeking a difficult balance between the protection of the religious freedom of both parents and children, the best interests of the child, and the state’s protective function. The analysis inevitably leads to reflection on the proper scope of the margin of appreciation, often used by the Court to resolve in a “Pilates way” the most controversial cases at the intersection of law, religion and family| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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