Tolerance Analysis and Robustness of Phase Conjugating Cross‐Eye Jamming

In the context of electronic warfare, cross-eye jamming is a powerful technique designed to induce angular error in radar systems. This study explores the potential of phase-conjugating (PC) arrays as novel and effective alternative to the traditional Van Atta (VA) arrays. An analytical framework for PC arrays is developed, extending the previous theoretical foundation of cross-eye jamming techniques, and is validated through simulations. A tolerance analysis of the system is provided by deriving analytical expressions for the acceptable phase and amplitude mismatches as a function of the angle deception capability measured by the angle factor. The impact of the skin return is examined with a refined metric based on the 95th percentile, which allows to assess the minimum JSR requirement for a reliable countermeasure. This shows again a superior performance for the PC implementation compared to the VA.