Ultra-high-energy photons with energies exceeding 10(17) eV offer a wealth of connections to different aspects of cosmic-ray astrophysics as well as to gamma-ray and neutrino astronomy. The recent observations of photons with energies in the 10(15) eV range further motivate searches for even higher-energy photons. In this paper, we present a search for photons with energies exceeding 2 x 10(17) eV using about 5.5 yr of hybrid data from the low-energy extensions of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The upper limits on the integral photon flux derived here are the most stringent ones to date in the energy region between 10(17) and 10(18) eV.
A Search for Photons with Energies Above 2 x 1017 eV Using Hybrid Data from the Low-Energy Extensions of the Pierre Auger Observatory / Abreu, P; Aglietta, M; Albury, Jm; Allekotte, ; Cheminant, Ka; Almela, A; Alvarez-Muñiz, J; Batista, Ra; Yebra, Ja; Anastasi, Ga; Anchordoqui, L; Andrada, B; Andringa, S; Aramo, C; Ferreira, Pra; Arnone, E; Velázquez, Jca; Asorey, H; Assis, P; Avila, G; Avocone, E; Badescu, Am; Bakalova, A; Balaceanu, A; Barbato, F; Bellido, Ja; Berat, C; Bertaina, Me; Bhatta, G; Biermann, Pl; Binet, ; Bismark, K; Bister, T; Biteau, J; Blazek, J; Bleve, C; Blümer, J; Boncioli, D; Bonifazi, C; Arbeletche, Lb; Borodai, N; Botti, Am; Brack, J; Bretz, T; Orchera, Pgb; Briechle, Fl; Buchholz, P; Bueno, A; Buitink, S; Buscemi, M; Büsken, M; Caballero-Mora, Ks; Caccianiga, L; Canfora, F; Caracas, ; Caruso, R; Castellina, A; Catalani, F; Cataldi, G; Cazon, L; Cerda, M; Chinellato, Ja; Chudoba, J; Chytka, L; Clay, Rw; Cerutti, Acc; Colalillo, R; Coleman, A; Coluccia, Mr; Conceiçao, R; Condorelli, A; Consolati, G; Contreras, F; Convenga, F; Dos Santos, Dc; Covault, Ce; Dasso, S; Daumiller, K; Dawson, Br; Day, Ja; De Almeida, Rm; De Jesús, J; De Jong, Sj; Neto, Jrtd; De, Mitri; De Oliveira, J; Franco, Dd; De Palma, F; De, Souza; De Vito, E; Del Popolo, A; Del Río, M; Deligny, O; Deval, L; Di Matteo, A; Dobre, M; Dobrigkeit, C; Mendes, Lmd; Dos Anjos, Rc; Dova, Mt; Ebr, J; Engel, R; Epicoco, ; Erdmann, M; Escobar, Co; Etchegoyen, A; Falcke, H; Farmer, J; Farrar, G; Fauth, Ac; Fazzini, N; Feldbusch, F; Fenu, F; Fick, B; Figueira, Jm; Fitoussi, T; Fodran, T; Fujii, T; Fuster, A; Galea, C; Galelli, C; García, B; Vegas, Alg; Gemmeke, H; Gesualdi, F; Gherghel-Lascu, A; Ghia, Pl; Giaccari, U; Giammarchi, M; Glombitza, J; Gobbi, F; Gollan, F; Golup, G; Berisso, Mg; Vitale, Pfg; Gongora, Jp; González, Jm; González, N; Goos, ; Góra, D; Gorgi, A; Gottowik, M; Grubb, Td; Guarino, F; Guedes, Gp; Guido, E; Hahn, S; Hamal, P; Hampel, Mr; Hansen, P; Harari, D; Harvey, Vm; Haungs, A; Hebbeker, T; Heck, D; Hill, Gc; Hojvat, C; Hörandel, Jr; Horvath, P; Hrabovsky, M; Huege, T; Insolia, A; Isar, Pg; Janecek, P; Johnsen, Ja; Jurysek, J; Kääpä, A; Kampert, Kh; Keilhauer, B; Khakurdikar, A; Covilakam, Vvk; Klages, Ho; Kleifges, M; Kleinfeller, J; Knapp, F; Kunka, N; Lago, Bl; Langner, N; De Oliveira, Mal; Lenok, ; Letessier-Selvon, A; Lhenry-Yvon, ; Lo Presti, D; Lopes, L; López, R; Lu, L; Luce, Q; Lundquist, Jp; Payeras, Am; Mancarella, G; Mandat, D; Manning, Bc; Manshanden, J; Mantsch, P; Marafico, S; Mariani, Fm; Mariazzi, Ag; Marsella, G; Martello, D; Martinelli, S; Bravo, Om; Mastrodicasa, M; Mathes, Hj; Matthews, J; Matthiae, G; Mayotte, E; Mayotte, S; Mazur, Po; Medina-Tanco, G; Melo, D; Menshikov, A; Michal, S; Micheletti, M; Miramonti, L; Mollerach, S; Montanet, F; Morejon, L; Morello, C; Mostafá, M; Müller, Al; Muller, Ma; Mulrey, K; Mussa, R; Muzio, M; Namasaka, Wm; Nasr-Esfahani, A; Nellen, L; Nicora, G; Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M; Niechciol, M; Nitz, D; Norwood, ; Nosek, D; Novotny, ; Nozka, L; Nucita, A; Núñez, La; Oliveira, C; Palatka, M; Pallotta, J; Papenbreer, P; Parente, G; Parra, A; Pawlowsky, J; Pech, M; Pelayo, R; Peña-Rodriguez, J; Martins, Eep; Armand, Jp; Bertolli, Cp; Perrone, L; Petrera, S; Petrucci, C; Pierog, T; Pimenta, M; Pirronello, ; Platino, M; Pont, B; Pothast, M; Privitera, P; Prouza, M; Puyleart, A; Querchfeld, S; Rautenberg, J; Ravignani, D; Reininghaus, M; Ridky, J; Riehn, F; Risse, M; Rizi, ; De Carvalho, Wr; Rojo, Jr; Roncoroni, Mj; Rossoni, S; Roth, M; Roulet, E; Rovero, Ac; Ruehl, P; Saftoiu, A; Saharan, M; Salamida, F; Salazar, H; Salina, G; Gomez, Jds; Sánchez, F; Santos, Em; Santos, E; Sarazin, F; Sarmento, R; Sarmiento-Cano, C; Sato, R; Savina, P; Schäfer, Cm; Scherini, ; Schieler, H; Schimassek, M; Schimp, M; Schlüter, F; Schmidt, D; Scholten, O; Schoorlemmer, H; Schovánek, P; Schröder, Fg; Schulte, J; Schulz, T; Sciutto, Sj; Scornavacche, M; Segreto, A; Sehgal, S; Shellard, Rc; Sigl, G; Silli, G; Sima, O; Smau, R; Smída, R; Sommers, P; Soriano, Jf; Squartini, R; Stadelmaier, M; Stanca, D; Stasielak, J; Stassi, P; Streich, A; Suárez-Durán, M; Sudholz, T; Suomijärvi, T; Supanitsky, Ad; Szadkowski, Z; Tapia, A; Taricco, C; Timmermans, C; Tkachenko, O; Tobiska, P; Peixoto, Cjt; Tomé, B; Torrès, Z; Travaini, A; Travnicek, P; Trimarelli, C; Tueros, M; Ulrich, R; Unger, M; Vaclavek, L; Vacula, M; Galicia, Jfv; Valore, L; Varela, E; Vásquez-Ramírez, A; Ventura, C; Quispe, Idv; Verzi, V; Vicha, J; Vink, J; Vorobiov, S; Wahlberg, H; Watanabe, C; Watson, Aa; Weindl, A; Wiencke, L; Wittkowski, D; Wundheiler, B; Yushkov, A; Zapparrata, O; Zas, E; Zavrtanik, D; Zavrtanik, M; Zehrer, L. - In: THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL. - ISSN 0004-637X. - 933:2(2022). [10.3847/1538-4357/ac7393]
A Search for Photons with Energies Above 2 x 1017 eV Using Hybrid Data from the Low-Energy Extensions of the Pierre Auger Observatory
Abreu, P; Aglietta, M; Albury, JM; Allekotte,; Cheminant, KA; Almela, A; Alvarez-Muñiz, J; Batista, RA; Yebra, JA; Anastasi, GA; Anchordoqui, L; Andrada, B; Andringa, S; Aramo, C; Ferreira, PRA; Arnone, E; Velázquez, JCA; Asorey, H; Assis, P; Avila, G; Avocone, E; Badescu, AM; Bakalova, A; Balaceanu, A; Barbato, F; Bellido, JA; Berat, C; Bertaina, ME; Bhatta, G; Biermann, PL; Binet,; Bismark, K; Bister, T; Biteau, J; Blazek, J; Bleve, C; Blümer, J; Boncioli, D; Bonifazi, C; Arbeletche, LB; Borodai, N; Botti, AM; Brack, J; Bretz, T; Orchera, PGB; Briechle, FL; Buchholz, P; Bueno, A; Buitink, S; Buscemi, M; Büsken, M; Caballero-Mora, KS; Caccianiga, L; Canfora, F; Caracas,; Caruso, R; Castellina, A; Catalani, F; Cataldi, G; Cazon, L; Cerda, M; Chinellato, JA; Chudoba, J; Chytka, L; Clay, RW; Cerutti, ACC; Colalillo, R; Coleman, A; Coluccia, MR; Conceiçao, R; Condorelli, A; Consolati, G; Contreras, F; Convenga, F; dos Santos, DC; Covault, CE; Dasso, S; Daumiller, K; Dawson, BR; Day, JA; de Almeida, RM; de Jesús, J; de Jong, SJ; Neto, JRTD; De Mitri,; de Oliveira, J; Franco, DD; de Palma, F; de Souza,; De Vito, E; Del Popolo, A; del Río, M; Deligny, O; Deval, L; di Matteo, A; Dobre, M; Dobrigkeit, C; Mendes, LMD; dos Anjos, RC; Dova, MT; Ebr, J; Engel, R; Epicoco,; Erdmann, M; Escobar, CO; Etchegoyen, A; Falcke, H; Farmer, J; Farrar, G; Fauth, AC; Fazzini, N; Feldbusch, F; Fenu, F; Fick, B; Figueira, JM; Fitoussi, T; Fodran, T; Fujii, T; Fuster, A; Galea, C; Galelli, C; García, B; Vegas, ALG; Gemmeke, H; Gesualdi, F; Gherghel-Lascu, A; Ghia, PL; Giaccari, U; Giammarchi, M; Glombitza, J; Gobbi, F; Gollan, F; Golup, G; Berisso, MG; Vitale, PFG; Gongora, JP; González, JM; González, N; Goos,; Góra, D; Gorgi, A; Gottowik, M; Grubb, TD; Guarino, F; Guedes, GP; Guido, E; Hahn, S; Hamal, P; Hampel, MR; Hansen, P; Harari, D; Harvey, VM; Haungs, A; Hebbeker, T; Heck, D; Hill, GC; Hojvat, C; Hörandel, JR; Horvath, P; Hrabovsky, M; Huege, T; Insolia, A; Isar, PG; Janecek, P; Johnsen, JA; Jurysek, J; Kääpä, A; Kampert, KH; Keilhauer, B; Khakurdikar, A; Covilakam, VVK; Klages, HO; Kleifges, M; Kleinfeller, J; Knapp, F; Kunka, N; Lago, BL; Langner, N; de Oliveira, MAL; Lenok,; Letessier-Selvon, A; Lhenry-Yvon,; Lo Presti, D; Lopes, L; López, R; Lu, L; Luce, Q; Lundquist, JP; Payeras, AM; Mancarella, G; Mandat, D; Manning, BC; Manshanden, J; Mantsch, P; Marafico, S; Mariani, FM; Mariazzi, AG; Marsella, G; Martello, D; Martinelli, S; Bravo, OM; Mastrodicasa, M ;Mathes, HJ; Matthews, J; Matthiae, G; Mayotte, E; Mayotte, S; Mazur, PO; Medina-Tanco, G; Melo, D; Menshikov, A; Michal, S; Micheletti, M; Miramonti, L; Mollerach, S; Montanet, F; Morejon, L; Morello, C; Mostafá, M; Müller, AL; Muller, MA; Mulrey, K; Mussa, R; Muzio, M; Namasaka, WM; Nasr-Esfahani, A; Nellen, L; Nicora, G; Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M; Niechciol, M; Nitz, D; Norwood,; Nosek, D; Novotny,; Nozka, L; Nucita, A; Núñez, LA; Oliveira, C; Palatka, M; Pallotta, J; Papenbreer, P; Parente, G; Parra, A; Pawlowsky, J; Pech, M; Pelayo, R; Peña-Rodriguez, J; Martins, EEP; Armand, JP; Bertolli, CP; Perrone, L; Petrera, S; Petrucci, C; Pierog, T; Pimenta, M; Pirronello,; Platino, M; Pont, B; Pothast, M; Privitera, P; Prouza, M; Puyleart, A; Querchfeld, S; Rautenberg, J; Ravignani, D; Reininghaus, M; Ridky, J; Riehn, F; Risse, M; Rizi,; de Carvalho, WR; Rojo, JR; Roncoroni, MJ; Rossoni, S; Roth, M; Roulet, E; Rovero, AC; Ruehl, P; Saftoiu, A; Saharan, M; Salamida, F; Salazar, H; Salina, G; Gomez, JDS; Sánchez, F; Santos, EM; Santos, E; Sarazin, F; Sarmento, R; Sarmiento-Cano, C; Sato, R; Savina, P; Schäfer, CM; Scherini,; Schieler, H; Schimassek, M; Schimp, M; Schlüter, F; Schmidt, D; Scholten, O; Schoorlemmer, H; Schovánek, P; Schröder, FG; Schulte, J; Schulz, T; Sciutto, SJ; Scornavacche, M; Segreto, A; Sehgal, S; Shellard, RC; Sigl, G; Silli, G; Sima, O; Smau, R; Smída, R; Sommers, P; Soriano, JF; Squartini, R; Stadelmaier, M; Stanca, D; Stasielak, J; Stassi, P; Streich, A; Suárez-Durán, M; Sudholz, T; Suomijärvi, T; Supanitsky, AD; Szadkowski, Z; Tapia, A; Taricco, C; Timmermans, C; Tkachenko, O; Tobiska, P; Peixoto, CJT; Tomé, B; Torrès, Z; Travaini, A; Travnicek, P; Trimarelli, C; Tueros, M; Ulrich, R; Unger, M; Vaclavek, L; Vacula, M; Galicia, JFV; Valore, L; Varela, E; Vásquez-Ramírez, A; Ventura, C; Quispe, IDV; Verzi, V; Vicha, J; Vink, J; Vorobiov, S; Wahlberg, H; Watanabe, C; Watson, AA; Weindl, A; Wiencke, L; Wittkowski, D; Wundheiler, B; Yushkov, A; Zapparrata, O; Zas, E; Zavrtanik, D; Zavrtanik, M; Zehrer, L
2022
Abstract
Ultra-high-energy photons with energies exceeding 10(17) eV offer a wealth of connections to different aspects of cosmic-ray astrophysics as well as to gamma-ray and neutrino astronomy. The recent observations of photons with energies in the 10(15) eV range further motivate searches for even higher-energy photons. In this paper, we present a search for photons with energies exceeding 2 x 10(17) eV using about 5.5 yr of hybrid data from the low-energy extensions of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The upper limits on the integral photon flux derived here are the most stringent ones to date in the energy region between 10(17) and 10(18) eV.
Citazione
A Search for Photons with Energies Above 2 x 1017 eV Using Hybrid Data from the Low-Energy Extensions of the Pierre Auger Observatory / Abreu, P; Aglietta, M; Albury, Jm; Allekotte, ; Cheminant, Ka; Almela, A; Alvarez-Muñiz, J; Batista, Ra; Yebra, Ja; Anastasi, Ga; Anchordoqui, L; Andrada, B; Andringa, S; Aramo, C; Ferreira, Pra; Arnone, E; Velázquez, Jca; Asorey, H; Assis, P; Avila, G; Avocone, E; Badescu, Am; Bakalova, A; Balaceanu, A; Barbato, F; Bellido, Ja; Berat, C; Bertaina, Me; Bhatta, G; Biermann, Pl; Binet, ; Bismark, K; Bister, T; Biteau, J; Blazek, J; Bleve, C; Blümer, J; Boncioli, D; Bonifazi, C; Arbeletche, Lb; Borodai, N; Botti, Am; Brack, J; Bretz, T; Orchera, Pgb; Briechle, Fl; Buchholz, P; Bueno, A; Buitink, S; Buscemi, M; Büsken, M; Caballero-Mora, Ks; Caccianiga, L; Canfora, F; Caracas, ; Caruso, R; Castellina, A; Catalani, F; Cataldi, G; Cazon, L; Cerda, M; Chinellato, Ja; Chudoba, J; Chytka, L; Clay, Rw; Cerutti, Acc; Colalillo, R; Coleman, A; Coluccia, Mr; Conceiçao, R; Condorelli, A; Consolati, G; Contreras, F; Convenga, F; Dos Santos, Dc; Covault, Ce; Dasso, S; Daumiller, K; Dawson, Br; Day, Ja; De Almeida, Rm; De Jesús, J; De Jong, Sj; Neto, Jrtd; De, Mitri; De Oliveira, J; Franco, Dd; De Palma, F; De, Souza; De Vito, E; Del Popolo, A; Del Río, M; Deligny, O; Deval, L; Di Matteo, A; Dobre, M; Dobrigkeit, C; Mendes, Lmd; Dos Anjos, Rc; Dova, Mt; Ebr, J; Engel, R; Epicoco, ; Erdmann, M; Escobar, Co; Etchegoyen, A; Falcke, H; Farmer, J; Farrar, G; Fauth, Ac; Fazzini, N; Feldbusch, F; Fenu, F; Fick, B; Figueira, Jm; Fitoussi, T; Fodran, T; Fujii, T; Fuster, A; Galea, C; Galelli, C; García, B; Vegas, Alg; Gemmeke, H; Gesualdi, F; Gherghel-Lascu, A; Ghia, Pl; Giaccari, U; Giammarchi, M; Glombitza, J; Gobbi, F; Gollan, F; Golup, G; Berisso, Mg; Vitale, Pfg; Gongora, Jp; González, Jm; González, N; Goos, ; Góra, D; Gorgi, A; Gottowik, M; Grubb, Td; Guarino, F; Guedes, Gp; Guido, E; Hahn, S; Hamal, P; Hampel, Mr; Hansen, P; Harari, D; Harvey, Vm; Haungs, A; Hebbeker, T; Heck, D; Hill, Gc; Hojvat, C; Hörandel, Jr; Horvath, P; Hrabovsky, M; Huege, T; Insolia, A; Isar, Pg; Janecek, P; Johnsen, Ja; Jurysek, J; Kääpä, A; Kampert, Kh; Keilhauer, B; Khakurdikar, A; Covilakam, Vvk; Klages, Ho; Kleifges, M; Kleinfeller, J; Knapp, F; Kunka, N; Lago, Bl; Langner, N; De Oliveira, Mal; Lenok, ; Letessier-Selvon, A; Lhenry-Yvon, ; Lo Presti, D; Lopes, L; López, R; Lu, L; Luce, Q; Lundquist, Jp; Payeras, Am; Mancarella, G; Mandat, D; Manning, Bc; Manshanden, J; Mantsch, P; Marafico, S; Mariani, Fm; Mariazzi, Ag; Marsella, G; Martello, D; Martinelli, S; Bravo, Om; Mastrodicasa, M; Mathes, Hj; Matthews, J; Matthiae, G; Mayotte, E; Mayotte, S; Mazur, Po; Medina-Tanco, G; Melo, D; Menshikov, A; Michal, S; Micheletti, M; Miramonti, L; Mollerach, S; Montanet, F; Morejon, L; Morello, C; Mostafá, M; Müller, Al; Muller, Ma; Mulrey, K; Mussa, R; Muzio, M; Namasaka, Wm; Nasr-Esfahani, A; Nellen, L; Nicora, G; Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M; Niechciol, M; Nitz, D; Norwood, ; Nosek, D; Novotny, ; Nozka, L; Nucita, A; Núñez, La; Oliveira, C; Palatka, M; Pallotta, J; Papenbreer, P; Parente, G; Parra, A; Pawlowsky, J; Pech, M; Pelayo, R; Peña-Rodriguez, J; Martins, Eep; Armand, Jp; Bertolli, Cp; Perrone, L; Petrera, S; Petrucci, C; Pierog, T; Pimenta, M; Pirronello, ; Platino, M; Pont, B; Pothast, M; Privitera, P; Prouza, M; Puyleart, A; Querchfeld, S; Rautenberg, J; Ravignani, D; Reininghaus, M; Ridky, J; Riehn, F; Risse, M; Rizi, ; De Carvalho, Wr; Rojo, Jr; Roncoroni, Mj; Rossoni, S; Roth, M; Roulet, E; Rovero, Ac; Ruehl, P; Saftoiu, A; Saharan, M; Salamida, F; Salazar, H; Salina, G; Gomez, Jds; Sánchez, F; Santos, Em; Santos, E; Sarazin, F; Sarmento, R; Sarmiento-Cano, C; Sato, R; Savina, P; Schäfer, Cm; Scherini, ; Schieler, H; Schimassek, M; Schimp, M; Schlüter, F; Schmidt, D; Scholten, O; Schoorlemmer, H; Schovánek, P; Schröder, Fg; Schulte, J; Schulz, T; Sciutto, Sj; Scornavacche, M; Segreto, A; Sehgal, S; Shellard, Rc; Sigl, G; Silli, G; Sima, O; Smau, R; Smída, R; Sommers, P; Soriano, Jf; Squartini, R; Stadelmaier, M; Stanca, D; Stasielak, J; Stassi, P; Streich, A; Suárez-Durán, M; Sudholz, T; Suomijärvi, T; Supanitsky, Ad; Szadkowski, Z; Tapia, A; Taricco, C; Timmermans, C; Tkachenko, O; Tobiska, P; Peixoto, Cjt; Tomé, B; Torrès, Z; Travaini, A; Travnicek, P; Trimarelli, C; Tueros, M; Ulrich, R; Unger, M; Vaclavek, L; Vacula, M; Galicia, Jfv; Valore, L; Varela, E; Vásquez-Ramírez, A; Ventura, C; Quispe, Idv; Verzi, V; Vicha, J; Vink, J; Vorobiov, S; Wahlberg, H; Watanabe, C; Watson, Aa; Weindl, A; Wiencke, L; Wittkowski, D; Wundheiler, B; Yushkov, A; Zapparrata, O; Zas, E; Zavrtanik, D; Zavrtanik, M; Zehrer, L. - In: THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL. - ISSN 0004-637X. - 933:2(2022). [10.3847/1538-4357/ac7393]
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