Over the last two decades, various experiments have measured muon densities in extensive air showers over several orders of magnitude in primary energy. While some experiments observed differences in the muon densities between simulated and experimentally measured air showers, others reported no discrepancies. We will present an update of the meta-analysis of muon measurements from nine air shower experiments, covering shower energies between a few PeV and tens of EeV and muon threshold energies from a few 100 MeV to about 10GeV. In order to compare measurements from different experiments, their energy scale was cross-calibrated and the experimental data has been compared using a universal reference scale based on air shower simulations. Above 10 PeV, we find a muon excess with respect to simulations for all hadronic interaction models, which is increasing with shower energy. For EPOS-LHC and QGSJet-II.04 the significance of the slope of the increase is analyzed in detail under different assumptions of the individual experimental uncertainties.

Update on the combined analysis of muon measurements from nine air shower experiments / Soldin, D., Fomin, Yu.A., Kalmykov, N.N., Karpikov, I.S., Kulikov, G.V., Kuznetsov, M.Yu., Rubtsov, G.I., Sulakov, V.P., Troitsky, S.V., Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J.A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Alves, A.A., Amin, N.M., An, R., Andeen, K., et al.. - In: POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE. - ISSN 1824-8039. - 395:(2022), pp. 1-16. (37th International cosmic ray conference, ICRC 2021 Berlin, Germany ) [10.22323/1.395.0349].

Update on the combined analysis of muon measurements from nine air shower experiments

Mastrodicasa M.;
2022

Abstract

Over the last two decades, various experiments have measured muon densities in extensive air showers over several orders of magnitude in primary energy. While some experiments observed differences in the muon densities between simulated and experimentally measured air showers, others reported no discrepancies. We will present an update of the meta-analysis of muon measurements from nine air shower experiments, covering shower energies between a few PeV and tens of EeV and muon threshold energies from a few 100 MeV to about 10GeV. In order to compare measurements from different experiments, their energy scale was cross-calibrated and the experimental data has been compared using a universal reference scale based on air shower simulations. Above 10 PeV, we find a muon excess with respect to simulations for all hadronic interaction models, which is increasing with shower energy. For EPOS-LHC and QGSJet-II.04 the significance of the slope of the increase is analyzed in detail under different assumptions of the individual experimental uncertainties.
2022
37th International cosmic ray conference, ICRC 2021
air showers; combined analysis; muon measurement
04 Pubblicazione in atti di convegno::04c Atto di convegno in rivista
Update on the combined analysis of muon measurements from nine air shower experiments / Soldin, D., Fomin, Yu.A., Kalmykov, N.N., Karpikov, I.S., Kulikov, G.V., Kuznetsov, M.Yu., Rubtsov, G.I., Sulakov, V.P., Troitsky, S.V., Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J.A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alispach, C., Alves, A.A., Amin, N.M., An, R., Andeen, K., et al.. - In: POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE. - ISSN 1824-8039. - 395:(2022), pp. 1-16. (37th International cosmic ray conference, ICRC 2021 Berlin, Germany ) [10.22323/1.395.0349].
File allegati a questo prodotto
File Dimensione Formato  
Soldin_Update_2022.pdf

accesso aperto

Note: Atto di convegno su rivista
Tipologia: Versione editoriale (versione pubblicata con il layout dell'editore)
Licenza: Creative commons
Dimensione 1.56 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
1.56 MB Adobe PDF

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1752306
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 4
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? ND
social impact